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Water is one of the most vital resources on Earth and plays a crucial role in sustaining life. With the rapid increase in population and urbanization, the demand for water has been increasing exponentially, leading to an immense pressure on the existing water resources. In this context, the assessment, modelling, and management of water resources have become crucial to ensure sustainable development. This book, "Water Resources Assessment, Modelling and Management," is a collection of 101 articles that delve into various topics related to water resources. It covers various aspects related to surface water, groundwater, surface water modelling, groundwater modelling, management of water resources, challenges and strategies, advanced techniques in water resources, thrust areas. The book provides a special emphasis on water resources issues and management in India, which is crucial due to the significant water-related challenges faced by the country. The articles in the book offer a broad overview of the latest techniques, tools, and strategies used in the assessment, modelling, and management of water resources. Each article is concise, with a length of around three pages, and provides a brief yet informative summary of the respective topic. The aim of the book is to provide readers with a quick and accessible overview of each topic, without delving too deeply into technical details or using equations. To keep the content straightforward and easy to understand, the articles do not contain equations. However, readers who wish to explore a topic in more depth are encouraged to consult other relevant books and resources, where they can find more comprehensive information and mathematical formulations. The book aims to be a valuable resource for water resources professionals, researchers, and students who are interested in understanding the challenges associated with water resources and the strategies for their management. It covers a wide range of topics, including the latest techniques and tools used in water resources management, and the impact of climate change on water resources. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge and practice in the assessment, modelling, and management of water resources. The book is expected to serve as a useful reference for anyone interested in this important and timely topic.
This book reviews the concept, contemporary research efforts and the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). The IWRM concept was established as an international guiding water management paradigm in the early 1990ies and has become a vital approach to solving the problems associated with the topic of water. The book summarizes fourteen comprehensive IWRM research projects with worldwide coverage and analyses their motivations, settings, approaches and implementation of results. Aiming to be an up-to-date interdisciplinary scientific reference, this book provides a comprehensive theoretical and empirical analysis of contemporary IWRM research, examples of science based implementations and a synthesis of the lessons learnt. It concludes with some major future challenges, the solving of which will further strengthen the IWRM concept.
Confronting Climate Uncertainty in Water Resources Planning and Project Design describes an approach to facing two fundamental and unavoidable issues brought about by climate change uncertainty in water resources planning and project design. The first is a risk assessment problem. The second relates to risk management. This book provides background on the risks relevant in water systems planning, the different approaches to scenario definition in water system planning, and an introduction to the decision-scaling methodology upon which the decision tree is based. The decision tree is described as a scientifically defensible, repeatable, direct and clear method for demonstrating the robustness of a project to climate change. While applicable to all water resources projects, it allocates effort to projects in a way that is consistent with their potential sensitivity to climate risk. The process was designed to be hierarchical, with different stages or phases of analysis triggered based on the findings of the previous phase. An application example is provided followed by a descriptions of some of the tools available for decision making under uncertainty and methods available for climate risk management. The tool was designed for the World Bank but can be applicable in other scenarios where similar challenges arise.
A preliminary field test was made of the Water Resources Assessment Methodology (WRAM). Intended for use by an interdisciplinary team, WRAM is a systematic approach to assessment of impacts and evaluation of alternatives for water resource programs and projects. This pilot field application of WRAM to the Tensas River Project in eastern Louisiana primarily used existing data. Background of the Tensas River Project is presented as well as a description of the study area and the flood-control alternatives under consideration by the U.S. Army Engineer District, Vicksburg. An interdisciplinary team was formed to conduct the field test. Assessment variables were selected and weighted relative to their importance in assessment and evaluation within each of the four accounts delineated by Principles and Standards: national economic development (NED), environmental quality (EQ), social well-being (SWB), and regional development (RD). The projected effects on each variable were then scaled across alternatives and the without-project condition.
This paper focuses on how to improve the development and management of water resources while providing the principles that link resource management to the specific water-using sectors. In 1993 the Board of the World Bank endorsed a Water Resources Management Policy Paper. In that paper, and this Strategy, water resources management is seen to comprise the institutional framework; management instruments; and the development, maintenance and operation of infrastructure. The paper looks at the dynamics of water and development. It builds on the 1993 policy paper, evaluating current scenarios and looking at future options and their implications both for government policy and the World Bank.
Many challenges, including climate change, face the Nation¿s water managers. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has provided estimates of how climate may change, but more understanding of the processes driving the changes, the sequences of the changes, and the manifestation of these global changes at different scales could be beneficial. Since the changes will likely affect fundamental drivers of the hydrological cycle, climate change may have a large impact on water resources and water resources managers. The purpose of this interagency report is to explore strategies to improve water management by tracking, anticipating, and responding to climate change. Charts and tables.
Climate change is expected to modify the hydrological cycle and affect freshwater resources. Groundwater is a critical source of fresh drinking water for almost half of the worlds population and it also supplies irrigated agriculture. Groundwater is also important in sustaining streams, lakes, wetlands, and associated ecosystems. But despite this,