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Waste stabilization ponds and related natural wastewater treatment technologies are now widely seen as practical options to solve water quality problems. These systems can also contribute to tackling growing water shortages by enabling significant water reuse (and often nutrient recovery). These benefits are particularly relevant in regions such as Latin America which are facing continuous change in policy and regulation affecting water, sanitation and environmental management, yet are also characterised by a low public service coverage, particularly in low-income urban communities and rural settlements. Thus Latin American countries are at the forefront of the worldwide trend to the use of pond treatment systems. Countries such as Brazil, Cuba and Peru have considerable experience in pond technology, while countries such as Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Venezuela are implementing new systems. To understand the developments taking place the 1st IWA Regional Conference was held, bringing together scientists, engineers and professionals from several disciplines. From the papers presented 17, from across Latin America and beyond, have been selected for these proceedings that summarise the latest advances in ponding technology.
The Technical Department of the Latin America and Caribbean Region of the World Bank, together with host countries in the region, organized a series of seminars in 1995-96 to explore viable options for speeding up wastewater treatment. The seminars focuse
"Water for All in Latin America: A Daunting Task presents the outline of all the components related to design, evaluation, implementation and sustainability of investment projects in the water and wastewater field in Latin America. Environmental quality, institutional models, private sector participation, financial, economic and political factors, in addition to technical issues, are also discussed."--BOOK JACKET.
Waste Stabilisation Ponds is the third volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The major variants of pond systems are fully covered, namely: facultative ponds anaerobic ponds aerated lagoons maturation ponds The book presents in a clear and informative way the main concepts, working principles, expected removal efficiencies, design criteria, design examples, construction aspects, operational guidelines and sludge managment for pond systems. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds Volume; 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 5: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors; Volume 6: Sludge Treatment and Disposal
Affordable and effective domestic wastewater treatment is a critical issue in public health and disease prevention around the world, particularly so in developing countries which often lack the financial and technical resources necessary for proper treatment facilities. This practical guide provides state-of-the-art coverage of methods for domestic wastewater treatment and provides a foundation to the practical design of wastewater treatment and re-use systems. The emphasis is on low-cost, low-energy, low-maintenance, high-performance 'natural' systems that contribute to environmental sustainability by producing effluents that can be safely and profitably used in agriculture for crop irrigation and/or in aquaculture, for fish and aquatic vegetable pond fertilization. Modern design methodologies, with worked design examples, are described for waste stabilization ponds, wastewater storage and treatment reservoirs; constructed wetlands, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, biofilters, aerated lagoons and oxidation ditches. This book is essential reading for engineers, academics and upper-level and graduate students in engineering, wastewater management and public health, and others interested in sustainable and cost-effective technologies for reducing wastewater-related diseases and environmental damage.
Pond treatment technology is used in tens of thousands of applications serving many millions of people across the globe - why? Simply because it is efficient and effective. While pond treatment technology offers relative simplicity in its application, it incorporates a host of complex and diverse mechanisms that work to treat and cleanse polluted waters before their return to our environment. This book offers a comprehensive review of the pond technology field including the newest ideas and latest findings. Topics covered include: The physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the pond environment; A detailed review of pond treatment mechanisms and performance; Comprehensive guidance on pond design, operation and upgrade options; A range of chapters summarising new and emerging pond technologies; The integration of ponds with wetlands and aquaculture systems and their use as storage reservoirs; Special applications of pond technology in cold climates, for agricultural wastes and for treatment of stormwater. The objective of this book is to get this wealth of knowledge "out there" to the users to ensure the continuous improvement and ongoing success of this crucial technology.
Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse places public sanitation in a global context and provides a definitive discussion of current state-of-the-art sanitation technologies. It shows how these technologies can be implemented to integrate domestic waste and wastewater treatment in order to maximize resource recycling in domestic practice. Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse presents technical solutions for on-site collection and transport of concentrated waste streams, and focuses on the compromise between reliability and minimal water wastage. A whole range of available sustainable technologies, both low and high-tech, to treat concentrated (black water) and diluted (grey water) streams are addressed in detail from the fundamental scientific and engineering points of view. Sociological, economic and, particularly, environmental and public health aspects are essential issues within this book. The necessity of new infrastructure implementation and the resulting challenges for a good number of economic branches are illustrated with examples from architecture and town planning. Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse will be an invaluable resource for a wide academic and professional readership active in the fields of environmental protection and public sanitation. Contents The DESAR concept for environmental protection Waste and wastewater characteristics and its collection on the site Technological aspects of DESAR Environmental and public health aspects of DESAR Sociological and economic aspects of DESAR Architectural and urbanistic aspects of DESAR