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This book describes fundamental theory and recent advances of sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. SFG spectroscopy is widely used as a powerful tool of surface characterization, although theoretical interpretation of the obtained spectra has been a major bottleneck for most users. Recent advances in SFG theory have brought about a breakthrough in the analysis methods beyond conventional empirical ones, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of SFG spectroscopy allows for simultaneous understanding of observed spectra and interface structure in unprecedented detail. This book explains these recently understood theoretical aspects of SFG spectroscopy by the major developer of the theory. The theoretical topics are treated at basic levels for undergraduate students and are described in relation to computational chemistry, such as molecular modeling and MD simulation, toward close collaboration of SFG spectroscopy and computational chemistry in the near future.
The first book on the topic, and written by the founder of the technique, this comprehensive resource provides a detailed overview of sum-frequency spectroscopy, its fundamental principles, and the wide range of applications for surfaces, interfaces, and bulk. Beginning with an overview of the historical context, and introductions to the basic theory of nonlinear optics and surface sum-frequency generation, topics covered include discussion of different experimental arrangements adopted by researchers, notes on proper data analysis, an up-to-date survey commenting on the wide range of successful applications of the tool, and a valuable insight into current unsolved problems and potential areas to be explored in the future. With the addition of chapter appendices that offer the opportunity for more in-depth theoretical discussion, this is an essential resource that integrates all aspects of the subject and is ideal for anyone using, or interested in using, sum-frequency spectroscopy.
IR spectroscopy has become without any doubt a key technique to answer questions raised when studying the interaction of proteins or peptides with solid surfaces for a fundamental point of view as well as for technological applications. Principle, experimental set ups, parameters and interpretation rules of several advanced IR-based techniques; application to biointerface characterisation through the presentation of recent examples, will be given in this book. It will describe how to characterise amino acids, protein or bacterial strain interactions with metal and oxide surfaces, by using infrared spectroscopy, in vacuum, in the air or in an aqueous medium. Results will highlight the performances and perspectives of the technique. - Description of the principles, expermental setups and parameter interpretation, and the theory for several advanced IR-based techniques for interface characterisation - Contains examples which demonstrate the capacity, potential and limits of the IR techniques - Helps finding the most adequate mode of analysis - Contains examples - Contains a glossary by techniques and by keywords
Specific ion effects are important in numerous fields of science and technology. This book summarizes the main ideas that came up over the years. It presents the efforts of theoreticians and supports it by the experimental results stemming from various techniques.
Clarifying chemical processes in the environment is tantamount to creating a better and a safer planet. The chemistry that takes place within the natural world occurs not only in the bulk gaseous, liquid, and solid phases, but also in the region where two phases meet. This molecularly thin region between phases, also known as an interface, plays a significant role in various chemical processes because interfaces are ubiquitous in nature. Despite the significance of interfacial processes in environmental chemistry, investigating environmental interfaces experimentally has always been a challenge. Recent advances in nonlinear spectroscopy (NLS) have demonstrated that techniques such as sum frequency generation (SFG) and second harmonic generation (SHG) are unique in their ability to probe buried chemical interfaces. The theoretical and practical aspect of these techniques in probing environmental interfaces is the primary focus of this e-book. This e-book is geared toward curious and inquisitive minds eager to learn how molecules behave at the thin layers of chemical interfaces. A beautiful world, rich in unique insights into the interfacial environmental processes, awaits.
The book highlights recent developments in the field of spectroscopy by providing the readers with an updated and high-level of overview. The focus of this book is on the introduction to concepts of modern spectroscopic techniques, recent technological innovations in this field, and current examples of applications to molecules and materials relevant for academia and industry. The book will be beneficial to researchers from various branches of science and technology, and is intended to point them to modern techniques, which might be useful for their specific problems. Spectroscopic techniques, that are discussed include, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, SERS, TERS, CARS, IR absorption spectroscopy, SFG, LIBS, Quantum cascade laser (QCL) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, ellipsometry, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, such as cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and evanescent wave-CRDS both in gas and condensed phases, time-resolved spectroscopy etc. Applications introduced in the different chapters demonstrates the usefulness of the spectroscopic techniques for the characterization of fundamental properties of molecules, e.g. in connection with environmental impact, bio-activity, or usefulness for pharmaceutical drugs, and materials important e.g. for nano-science, nuclear chemistry, or bio-applications. The book presents how spectroscopic techniques can help to better understand substances, which have also great impact on questions of social and economic relevance (environment, alternative energy, etc.).
Optical second harmonic and sum-frequency generation has evolved into a useful spectroscopic tool for material characterization, especially as a viable and powerful technique for probing surfaces and interfaces. This book serves as an introduction on the technique. It provides a comprehensible description on the basics of the technique and gives detailed accounts with illustrating examples on the wide range of applications of the technique. It clearly points out the unique capabilities of the technique as a spectroscopic tool for studies of bulk and interface structures in different disciplines.This book is an updated version of an earlier book on the same subject, but it puts more emphasis on physical concepts and description. It underscores recent advances of sum-frequency spectroscopy at the technical front as well as over its wide range of applications, with the author's perspective in each area. Most chapters end with a section of summary and prospects that hopefully can help stimulate interest to further develop the technique and explore possibilities of applying the technique.
The second edition of this bestselling title provides the most up-to-date comprehensive review of all aspects of biomaterials science by providing a balanced, insightful approach to learning biomaterials. This reference integrates a historical perspective of materials engineering principles with biological interactions of biomaterials. Also provided within are regulatory and ethical issues in addition to future directions of the field, and a state-of-the-art update of medical and biotechnological applications. All aspects of biomaterials science are thoroughly addressed, from tissue engineering to cochlear prostheses and drug delivery systems. Over 80 contributors from academia, government and industry detail the principles of cell biology, immunology, and pathology. Focus within pertains to the clinical uses of biomaterials as components in implants, devices, and artificial organs. This reference also touches upon their uses in biotechnology as well as the characterization of the physical, chemical, biochemical and surface properties of these materials. - Provides comprehensive coverage of principles and applications of all classes of biomaterials - Integrates concepts of biomaterials science and biological interactions with clinical science and societal issues including law, regulation, and ethics - Discusses successes and failures of biomaterials applications in clinical medicine and the future directions of the field - Cover the broad spectrum of biomaterial compositions including polymers, metals, ceramics, glasses, carbons, natural materials, and composites - Endorsed by the Society for Biomaterials
Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry, Seven Volume Set summarizes current, fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, bringing readers the latest developments in the field. As the chemical and physical properties and processes at solid and liquid interfaces are the scientific basis of so many technologies which enhance our lives and create new opportunities, its important to highlight how these technologies enable the design and optimization of functional materials for heterogeneous and electro-catalysts in food production, pollution control, energy conversion and storage, medical applications requiring biocompatibility, drug delivery, and more. This book provides an interdisciplinary view that lies at the intersection of these fields. Presents fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, surface science and electrochemistry and provides cutting-edge research from academics and practitioners across various fields and global regions