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This book explores the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) in Latin America. It highlights the challenges and possibilities for the countries of this region, and analyzes the evolution of the Social Economy’s processes in order to ascertain its implications and social dimensions. The text also deals with solidarity alternatives in the capital market and the emergencies that occur in order to humanize the capitalist system.
La recherche en économie sociale et solidaire a véritablement pris son essor au début des années 2000. Elle a investigué de nombreux champs, de nombreux domaines d’activité, mais ne dispose pas d’une assise théorique solidifiée. Les querelles internes comme les questions de frontière délimitant le périmètre identitaire de l’ESS ou les intersections et différences entre économie sociale et économie solidaire nourrissent débats et incertitudes. C’est à cette élucidation que le présent ouvrage participe, autour de chercheurs représentants les courants internationaux majeurs, d’horizons interdisciplinaires différents. Il prend le partipris de l’économie sociale et solidaire comme compromis politique rassemblant l’économie sociale et l’économie solidaire. Fruit de réflexions collectives menées lors d’un séminaire à l’Université de Marnela-Vallée et d’un colloque à l’Université du Luxembourg, ce livre se présente comme une réflexion théorique systématique, animée par les chercheurs et les acteurs. C’est un point de départ qui pose le socle d’un corpus théorique en construction dans une dynamique d’aller-et-retours avec les pratiques qui l’ont fondé.
Around the globe, contemporary protest movements are contesting the oligarchic appropriation of natural resources, public services, and shared networks of knowledge and communication. These struggles raise the same fundamental demand and rest on the same irreducible principle: the common. In this exhaustive account, Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval show how the common has become the defining principle of alternative political movements in the 21st century. In societies deeply shaped by neoliberal rationality, the common is increasingly invoked as the operative concept of practical struggles creating new forms of democratic governance. In a feat of analytic clarity, Dardot and Laval dissect and synthesize a vast repository on the concept of the commons, from the fields of philosophy, political theory, economics, legal theory, history, theology, and sociology. Instead of conceptualizing the common as an essence of man or as inherent in nature, the thread developed by Dardot and Laval traces the active lives of human beings: only a practical activity of commoning can decide what will be shared in common and what rules will govern the common's citizen-subjects. This re-articulation of the common calls for nothing less than the institutional transformation of society by society: it calls for a revolution.
Los autores muestran por qué este principio se impone hoy día como el término central de la alternativa política para el siglo XXI: anuda la lucha anticapitalista y la ecología política mediante su reivindicación de los “comunes” contra las nuevas formas de apropiación privada y estatal. Además, articula las luchas prácticas con las investigaciones sobre el gobierno colectivo de los recursos naturales o de la información y designa formas democráticas nuevas que aspiran a tomar el relevo de la representación política y del monopolio de los partidos. Esta emergencia de lo común en la acción reclama un trabajo de clarificación en el pensamiento. El sentido actual de lo común se distingue de los numerosos usos que se ha dado a esta noción, ya sean filosóficos, jurídicos o teológicos: bien supremo de la ciudad, universalidad de esencia, propiedad inherente a ciertas cosas, incluso alguna vez el fin perseguido por la creación divina. Pero hay otro hilo que vincula lo común, no a la esencia de los hombres o a la naturaleza de las cosas, sino a la actividad de los hombres mismos: sólo una práctica de puesta en conjunto puede decidir qué es “común”, reservar ciertas cosas al uso común, producir determinadas reglas capaces de obligar a los hombres. En este sentido, lo común reclama una nueva institución de la sociedad por ella misma: una revolución.
La finance est en crise ; mais elle est indispensable à la vie des hommes en société. Cependant, il serait abusif de considérer "la finance" comme un tout homogène. En effet, loin de la finance conventionnelle qui fait la une de l'actualité, il existe une finance dite alternative qui tente de placer et de maintenir l'Homme au centre de son projet et à l'horizon de son ambition. Cet ouvrage, premier du genre, se propose de présenter sous forme d'études réalisées par des spécialistes du droit financier, les manifestations de cette finance alternative, les outils, instruments et techniques juridiques qui existent et qui permettent de concilier finance et humanisme. À travers l'analyse des critères de développement durable ou religieux appliqués à la finance, des monnaies alternatives, du microcrédit, de la notation extra-financière, du mutualisme et du coopératisme en finance, du crowdfunding, des fonds éthiques, du financement associatif, du financement alternatif de l'habitat ou du soutien des collectivités publiques aux entreprises, ce livre fait, en France comme en Espagne, au Royaume-Uni, en Grèce et au Canada, un tour d'horizon complet de ce segment du secteur financier souvent méconnu et qui offre néanmoins aux Hommes de réaliser leurs projets dans la perspective d'un mieux-être collectif. Pour rompre avec l'idée que la finance n'est que spéculation et prédation.
In the last two decades, the quest for a widely accepted definition of social enterprise has been a central issue in a great number of publications. The main objective of the ICSEM Project on which this book is based was to show that the social enterprise field would benefit much more from linking conceptualisation efforts to the huge diversity of social enterprises than from an additional and ambitious attempt at providing an encompassing definition. Starting from a hypothesis that could be termed "the impossibility of a unified definition", the ICSEM research strategy relied on bottom-up approaches to capture the social enterprise phenomenon in its local and national contexts. This strategy made it possible to take into account and give legitimacy to locally embedded approaches, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of major social enterprise models to delineate the field on common grounds at the international level. Social Enterprise in Western Europe –the third volume in a series of four ICSEM-based books on social enterprise worldwide – will serve as a key reference and resource for teachers, researchers, students, experts, policy makers, journalists and others who want to acquire a broad understanding of the social enterprise and social entrepreneurship phenomena as they emerge and develop in this region.
This volume argues the need for a radical break with the methodological individualism that dominates economics, management and finance, asking 'How should we (re)define the concept of value?' and serving as a stepping stone for the rethinking of academic finance.
"Sustainability in Healthcare: Advances in mHealth AI and Robotics" explores sustainable methods in the healthcare industry, focusing on rural and community healthcare improvement, the use of robots for sustainability, and the implementation of AI in healthcare. It also explores additive manufacturing, mobile health, biomedical engineering, and telemedicine's role in healthcare sustainability management. The book also discusses the ethical concerns, environmental, social, and economic implications of sustainability in healthcare supply chain management and pandemic management.
Consumer society is an unquestionably complex social construct. However, after decades of unremitting dominance there are signs emerging that it is starting to falter, both as a coherent and durable system of social organization and as a strategy for societal advancement. Debates concerning how we can transition beyond present energy- and materials-intensive consumer society are beginning to gain greater salience. Social Change and the Coming of Post-Consumer Society aims to develop more complete appreciation of the relevant processes of social change and to identify effective interventions that could enable a transition to supersede consumer society. Bringing together leading interdisciplinary experts on social change, the book identifies and analyzes several ongoing small- and modest-scale social experiments. Possibilities for macro-scale change from the interlinked perspectives of culture, economics, finance, and governance are then explored. These contributions expose the systemic problems that are emblematic of the current condition of consumer society, specifically the unsustainability of prevailing consumption practices and lifestyles and the persistence of inequalities. These observations are summarized and extended in the final chapter of the book. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of sustainable consumption, sustainability transitions, environmental sociology, and sustainable development.
Investigating the role played by religious actors in sociopolitical issues as a manifestation of the invisible politics of religion, this book concentrates on the social economy, support to migrants, the fight against social exclusion and pacifist campaigns, where religious actors have played discreet but structuring roles. In the European context, politico-religious matters have been reduced in two ways: first, a reduction of identity with religion being transformed into a heritage in the form of a minimal sense of belonging; and second, the media focus on the most fundamentalist currents within all religions. This book responds by proposing an alternative perspective with a focus on Southern European Catholicism and a comparison between Italian, Spanish and French subnational territories. In a period of polarized relations between religion and politics, there is a Catholic action repertoire which avoids this binary confrontation and which, in contrast, is characterized by its mediating dimension. The Catholic mediation repertoire receives little publicity and is expressed in a discreet but structuring way to address different public problems. An important contribution to the literature, this book will interest scholars and upper-level students working on religion and politics, mediation and peace studies, local policy making and comparative approaches to Southern European society and politics.