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Vehicle Emissions Inspection and Maintenance Program Is Behind Schedule
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) implementation of vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs to ensure attainment of national ambient air quality standards by 1987. GAO found that the implementation of I/M programs continues to run behind the EPA schedule, largely because states have strongly opposed the programs and because EPA, desiring to work with the states, has given them more time to submit approvable programs. Further, many programs that have been implemented have experienced operational problems in the areas of quality control or enforcement. The scheduled program audits, if conducted, could help identify the overall operational problems and develop a strategy for dealing with them. However, EPA has not budgeted adequate resources to complete the scheduled audits of the remaining programs. GAO believes that these audits must be completed according to schedule to meet the 1987 deadline.
Emissions inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs subject vehicles to periodic inspections of their emission control systems. Despite widespread use of these programs in air-quality management, policy makers and the public have found a number of problems associated with them. Prominent among these issues is the perception that emissions benefits and other impacts of I/M programs have not been evaluated adequately. Evaluating Vehicle Emissions Inspection and Maintenance Programs assesses the effectiveness of these programs for reducing mobile source emissions. In this report, the committee evaluates the differences in the characteristics of motor vehicle emissions in areas with and without I/M programs, identifies criteria and methodologies for their evaluation, and recommends improvements to the programs. Most useful of all, this book will help summarize the observed benefits of these programs and how they can be redirected in the future to increase their effectiveness.