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Environmental decisions must satisfy a multitude of objectives and the matching of a plan, policy or project to such objectives is a matter of both facts and value judgements. Value Functions for Environmental Management provides a systematic approach to the structuring and measurement of value judgements, showing how they drive the decision process and how to make them transparent and effective in support of complex decisions. The value functions that the book describes provide a scheme for the exploration of human values and a tool for transforming them into an analytical model. A clear statement can then be made of the degree to which a decision has achieved its objectives, and how conflicting objectives may be addressed. This does not mean that there is no role for human judgement in the process. Complexity, often coupled with large information gaps, necessitates expert judgement, but the values adopted by the experts are themselves capable of being structured and measured according to the value function methodology presented here, even if the judgements themselves are qualitative and tentative. Value models for expert panels are also presented. The use of the methodology in practice is illustrated by examples. The book contains an extensive subject index.
J. CIimaco and C. H. Antunes After the pleasure which has been to host the community of researchers and practitioners in the area of multicriteria analysis (MA) in Coimbra in August 1994, this volume of proceedings based on the papers presented at the conference is the last step of that venture. Even though this may not be the appropriate place we cannot resist, however, the temptation to express herein some brief feelings about the conference. Almost everything concerning the conference organisation has been "handcrafted" by a small number of people, with the advantages and disadvantages that this approach generates. Our first word of acknowledgement is of course due to those who have had a permanent and active role in the multiple aspects which make the success of a conference: Maria Joao Alves, Carlos Henggeler Antunes (who is a co author of this introduction since he has closely collaborated with me in the scientific programme), Joao Paulo Costa, Luis Dias (who greatly contributed to the organisation of this volume) and Paulo Melo, as well as Leonor Dias, from the Faculty of Economics, who has shown an outstanding dedication. To those who collaborated with the organisers in the framework of their professional activity, special thanks due to Adelina whose dedication greatly exceeded her duties. As you probably know from your own experience every small detail of the conference organisation required a lot of "sweating", but the atmosphere of joy and friendship then generated has been a generous "pay-off".
This Mining Environment Management Manual is developed for the benefit of the entire mining industry in the Country. The Manual has been designed in such a manner that it can be easily used by the engineers and environmentalists in the mining complexes in their efforts for the management of mining environment. The Manual presents the existing status and comprehensive overview of all the aspects of mining environment. Since environment is a developing subject the user of the Manual is suggested to, wherever necessary, consult the web-sites of MOEF and other concerned organizations for the latest status. The manual in nineteen chapters outlines the following for the benefit of the users. 1. Broad details of the mineral mining industry in the country. 2. Policies, legislation, standards and procedures for establishing and operating the mines covering an environmental overview of the national policies and the policies of the mining companies, mining and environmental legislations and standards, site selection, environmental clearance, forestry clearance, and the various formats to be filled or establishing and operating the mines. 3. Preparation of the environmental management plans (EMPs) of the mining projects. 4. Environmental monitoring. 5. Mining methods commonly used in the Indian coal and non-coal mineral industry. 6. Environmental impacts of mining on society, ecology, land, water regime and atmosphere. 7. Environmental impact assessment (EIA). 8. Environmental management measures required in mineral mining including the assessment of quality of life, development of R&R packages, development of surface and underground water bodies, replantation of trees, formation and management of soil and overburden dumps, environmental aspects of blasting, land reclamation and rehabilitation planning, mine fires, acid mine drainage, inundation, noise modeling, etc. 9. Mine closure comprising of legislative and social necessity of mine closure in the Indian context, mine closure planning for underground and opencast mines, and format for mine closure planning in project report. 10. Procedure for environmental performance auditing and evaluation. 11. Land acquisition and optimization of land requirement for mining and associated activities, and rehabilitation and resettlement. 12. Land use planning in mining areas. 13. Risk assessment and disaster management. 14. Environmental aspects of tailing storage. 15. Use of geographical information system in environmental management in mining areas. 16. Utilization of fly ash in mines. 17. Environmental economics. 18. Roles of executives in environmental management in mining areas. 19. Do's and don'ts in environmental management planning and implementation. The manual in simple English aims at to attract attention of one and all concerned with the management of mining environment. The manual will be useful to the following categories of the people in the mining complexes in the Country and Abroad. · Mine planners in planning and designing of the mining activities and integration of environmental management measures in the mining methods. · Mine operators in implementing the environmental management measures, monitoring and compliance of legislation. · Regulatory agencies and their executives in developing a better understanding of the mining environment related aspects and implementing the legislation. · Research workers in planning, designing, and undertaking research and development activities. · Educationists in imparting the knowledge and know-how to the participants in various academic and human resource development programs. · The Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in developing a better understanding of the mining environment and assisting the mineral industry in effective implementation of the environmental management efforts. · The people in the mining complexes in developing the understanding of various aspects of the management of mining environment. In addition the Manual will be an important addition to the knowledge base in the libraries of all the institutions and organizations associated with mining and environmental management. The user is advised to read the Manual carefully and understand the various topics discussed and then use their own wisdom and the suggestions made in the Manual in design, planning, implementation and monitoring of the mining activities. The legislative aspect of mining environmental management is dynamic and time to time changes are made in the Acts. Rules and Regulations by the Central and State Governments. The user is therefore advised to get abreast with the latest developments through the web-sites of the MOEF and the Central and State Pollution Control Boards and other regulatory agencies, e.g., DGMS, IBM, etc.
Nicolas Buclet Waste management issues can be approached in several ways. The question of which treatment technique to adopt is essentially a downstream problem. In our view the issue needed to be tackled further upstream. Waste management is not only a technical problem, it is also an area which involves various actors throughout society. In this book, as in the previous volume (Buclet, Godard, 2000), the organisation of waste management is seen in terms of regimes. A regime is an entire form ofinstitutional, technical, economic and social organisation relating to a specific field, no matter how complex that field is. Regime formation is generally a long-drawn-out process, rooted in the multiple interactions of the actors involved. Legislation plays a crucial role but would not, of itself, lead to the formation of a regime. There is always the old question of causality and which element occurs first: the behaviour of actors who constitute the reality, or the legislation that models their behaviour? Besides legislation, other formal or informal conventions influence the behaviour of actors approaching a common path, making co ordination easier between them. In this book we have insisted on conventional principles. They are the real guides for actors within each national regime.
Contributors from many disciplines and backgrounds discuss MCA as an integrated approach to land-use management. Sections cover problem structuring for land-use management; multiple perspectives, trade- offs, and the search for compromise and acceptable solutions; multiple actors and multiple perspectives in land-use decisions; spatial information and the integration of spatial analysis and multicriteria analysis; and the future of land-use management. The wide range of case studies include exotic forest plantations in South Africa, forests in the Kathmandu valley, and sustainable agriculture in Greece. No index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Providing useful insights on the use of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) in natural resource management, this book examines a number of empirical applications for several countries and a variety of natural resources. It is shown that using MCDA in the management of water, forestry, wetland and other natural resources can substantially improve the design and implementation of natural resource and environmental policies. Stakeholder involvement is also an important determinant of successful resource management and MCDA provides a useful and effective framework for getting stakeholders involved in resource management decisions. Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis in Natural Resource Management gives in-depth analysis of the potential problems in applying these techniques, including difficulties eliciting required information, lack of suitable measures for environmental variables and the need to develop innovative methods to simplify the use of MCDA.
This book provides insight into the Life Cycle Management (LCM) concept and the progress in its implementation. LCM is a management concept applied in industrial and service sectors to improve products and services, while enhancing the overall sustainability performance of business and its value chains. In this regard, LCM is an opportunity to differentiate through sustainability performance on the market place, working with all departments of a company such as research and development, procurement and marketing, and to enhance the collaboration with stakeholders along a company’s value chain. LCM is used beyond short-term business success and aims at long-term achievements by minimizing environmental and socio-economic burden, while maximizing economic and social value.
Non-market valuation is becoming increasingly accepted as an evaluative tool of economics related to environmental and resource protection. Freeman (economics, Bowdoin College) presents an overview of the literature, introducing the principal methods and techniques of resource valuation. Chapters cover the measurement of welfare changes, revealed and stated preference models, nonuse models, aggregation of values across time, environmental quality as factor input, longevity and health valuation, property value models, hedonic wage models, and recreational uses of natural resource systems. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Geological processes affect the earth itself and human society. Solutions to geological problems, whether natural or man-made, demand close international collaboration. This book presents new approaches to current problems of environmental assessment, demonstrates the interactions between those involved in addressing global problems, and represents a means for the education of others. The book focuses on four major themes: geoenvironmental models, GIS methods and techniques, assessment and resource management, and resource policies and sustainable development. The major topics falling under each theme are introduced, followed by discussions of specific applications. Reports of the discussions of working groups are also presented to round out the individual contributions. The disciplines represented include geology, geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing, economics, biology, mining engineering, resource analysis, mathematics and statistics.
This book outlines the creative process of making environmental management decisions using the approach called Structured Decision Making. It is a short introductory guide to this popular form of decision making and is aimed at environmental managers and scientists. This is a distinctly pragmatic label given to ways for helping individuals and groups think through tough multidimensional choices characterized by uncertain science, diverse stakeholders, and difficult tradeoffs. This is the everyday reality of environmental management, yet many important decisions currently are made on an ad hoc basis that lacks a solid value-based foundation, ignores key information, and results in selection of an inferior alternative. Making progress – in a way that is rigorous, inclusive, defensible and transparent – requires combining analytical methods drawn from the decision sciences and applied ecology with deliberative insights from cognitive psychology, facilitation and negotiation. The authors review key methods and discuss case-study examples based in their experiences in communities, boardrooms, and stakeholder meetings. The goal of this book is to lay out a compelling guide that will change how you think about making environmental decisions. Visit www.wiley.com/go/gregory/ to access the figures and tables from the book.