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This book addresses the use, operation and maintenance of new renewable energy systems, taking into account their integration in the current electrical markets and in the new emergent uses of energy. The book is based on practical experiences which present different perspectives about what occurs once an energy production plant based on sources of renewable energy is in production. Questions to be addressed include: how the energy produced is integrated into the current system of energy production, what is its consideration in the electrical market, what the impact is on society, how differential the strategies of operation and maintenance are with respect to conventional systems of energy production, etc.
A comprehensive reference to renewable energy technologies with a focus on power generation and integration into power systems This book addresses the generation of energy (primarily electrical) through various renewable sources. It discusses solar and wind power—two major resources that are now in use in small as well as large-scale power production—and their requirements for effectively using advanced control techniques.In addition, the book looks at theintegration of renewable energy in the power grid and its ability to work in a micro grid. Operation and Control of Renewable Energy Systems describes the numerous types of renewable energy sources available and the basic principles involving energy conversion, including the theory of fluid mechanics and the laws of thermodynamics. Chapter coverage includes the theory of power electronics and various electric power generators, grid scale energy storage systems, photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal energy conversion technology, horizontal and vertical wind turbines for power generation, and more. Covers integration into power systems with an emphasis on microgrids Introduces a wide range of subjects related to renewable energy systems, including energy storage, microgrids, and battery technologies Includes tutorial materials such as up-to-date references for wind energy, grid connection, and power electronics—plus worked examples and solutions Operation and Control of Renewable Energy Systems is the perfect introduction to renewable energy technologies for undergraduate and graduate students and can also be very useful to practicing engineers.
Solar and wind energy systems have flourished throughout the United States in the last few years as the public calls for reduced dependence on foreign oil. This has stimulated the growth of an industry that provides wind and solar systems, and many small businesses have sprung up to install these systems. Training programs and courses are now ubiquitous as the demand for designers and installers increases. This book provides a resource for engineering students interested in the design and operation of solar electric, solar thermal, wind, and other renewable systems. While there are many good reference books on power systems and renewable energy, this book integrates the engineering basics of existing power systems with design problems and solutions using renewable energy sources. The author includes chapters on concepts and background review. Details of photovoltaic and wind systems as interconnected or stand-alone designs, estimating and predicting energy production using industry distribution functions and online programs, and concepts of temperature coefficients, synchronization, power conversion, and system protection are explained and illustrated. The book is a very “hands-on” practical guide, structured to motivate you to experience the design and installation process.
Standalone (off-grid) renewable energy systems supply electricity in places where there is no access to a standard electrical grid. These systems may include photovoltaic generators, wind turbines, hydro turbines or any other renewable electrical generator. Usually, this kind of system includes electricity storage (commonly lead-acid batteries, but also other types of storage can be used). In some cases, a backup generator (usually powered by fossil fuel, diesel or gasoline) is part of the hybrid system. The modelling of the components, the control of the system and the simulation of the performance of the whole system are necessary to evaluate the system technically and economically. The optimization of the sizing and/or the control is also an important task in this kind of system.
This book focuses on sustainable energy systems. While several innovative and alternative concepts are presented, the topics of energy policy, life cycle assessment, thermal energy, and renewable energy also play a major role. Models on various temporal and geographical scales are developed to understand the conditions of technical as well as organizational change. New methods of modeling, which can fulfil technical and physical boundary conditions and nevertheless consider economic environmental and social aspects, are also developed.
The energy scene in the world is a complex picture of a variety of energy sources being used to meet the world's growing energy needs. There is, however, a gap in the demand and supply. It is recognized that decentralized power generation based on the various renewable energy technologies can, to some extent, help in meeting the growing energy needs. The renewable energy landscape has witnessed tremendous changes in the policy framework with accelerated and ambitious plans to increase the contribution of renewable energy such as solar, wind, bio-power, and others. Hybrid renewable energy systems are important for continuous operation and supplements each form of energy seasonally, offering several benefits over a stand-alone system. It can enhance capacity and lead to greater security of continuous electricity supply, among other applications. This book provides a platform for researchers, academics, industry professionals, consultants and designers to discover state-of-the-art developments and challenges in the field of hybrid renewable energy. Written by a team of experts and edited by one of the top researchers in hybrid renewable systems, this volume is a must-have for any engineer, scientist, or student working in this field, providing a valuable reference and guide in a quickly emerging field.
This book thoroughly examines the technical parameters of photovoltaic systems, and appraises their net energy balance from production, operation and maintenance, to recycling. Similar performance and yield analysis is applied to optical, thermal, and electrical parameters and interfaces. Professor Krauter demonstrates how accurate yield calculations, optimal system performance, and new prototypes aid in cost reduction. Examples, tables and figures are included.
Maintenance is a critical variable in industry to achieve competitiveness. Therefore, correct management of corrective, predictive, and preventive politics in any industry is required. Maintenance Management considers the main concepts, state of the art, advances, and case studies in this topic. This book complements other subdisciplines such as economics, finance, marketing, decision and risk analysis, engineering, etc.The book analyzes real case studies in multiple disciplines. It considers the topics of failure detection and diagnosis, fault trees, and subdisciplines (e.g. FMECA, FMEA, etc.). It is essential to link these topics with finance, scheduling, resources, downtime, etc. to increase productivity, profitability, maintainability, reliability, safety, and availability, and reduce costs and downtime.This book presents important advances in mathematics, models, computational techniques, dynamic analysis, etc., which are all employed in maintenance management.Computational techniques, dynamic analysis, probabilistic methods, and mathematical optimization techniques are expertly blended to support the analysis of multicriteria decision-making problems with defined constraints and requirements.The book is ideal for graduate students and professionals in industrial engineering, business administration, industrial organization, operations management, applied microeconomics, and the decisions sciences, either studying maintenance or who are required to solve large, specific, and complex maintenance management problems as part of their jobs. The book will also be of interest to researchers from academia.
For Indian producers of multi-megawatt grid-connected ground-mounted solar photovoltaic power plants, it is crucial to understand that adopting the best Operations and Maintenance (O&M) practices is essential for optimizing energy output. The renewable energy industry in India has matured, and solar PV plants have seen a significant increase in installations over the past decade. These plants have contributed to the country's energy mix, ranging from rooftops, off-grid, to large-scale ground-mounted grid-connected plants. After installation and commissioning, a solar power plant has a life cycle of 25 to 30 years, and the O&M team plays a vital role in maintaining the plant's operating standards and ensuring guaranteed generation output figures. To maintain the quality of activity execution standards, some of the best industrial practices should be followed across installed portfolios. The first step is to identify plant losses at equipment and transmission line levels through careful observation and data-based approaches. Key performance indicators can be used to identify the nature and quantum of loss, and specific test procedures can be adopted for root cause identification and permanent issue resolution. It is crucial to ensure the serial implementation of corrections across plants and record improvements systematically through periodic maintenance activities. Following these procedures, checklists, and guidelines will help the team achieve the target optimum generation of the solar power plant, leading to increased investor confidence, reduced energy crises, sustained energy sources for longer periods, increased employment opportunities, and contributing towards clean green energy development across the country.
Introduction to AI techniques for Renewable Energy System Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques play an essential role in modeling, analysis, and prediction of the performance and control of renewable energy. The algorithms used to model, control, or predict performances of the energy systems are complicated, involving differential equations, enormous computing power, and time requirements. Instead of complex rules and mathematical routines, AI techniques can learn critical information patterns within a multidimensional information domain. Design, control, and operation of renewable energy systems require a long-term series of meteorological data such as solar radiation, temperature, or wind data. Such long-term measurements are often non-existent for most of the interest locations or, wherever they are available, they suffer from several shortcomings, like inferior quality of data, and in-sufficient long series. The book focuses on AI techniques to overcome these problems. It summarizes commonly used AI methodologies in renewal energy, with a particular emphasis on neural networks, fuzzy logic, and genetic algorithms. It outlines selected AI applications for renewable energy. In particular, it discusses methods using the AI approach for prediction and modeling of solar radiation, seizing, performances, and controls of the solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Features Focuses on a significant area of concern to develop a foundation for the implementation of renewable energy system with intelligent techniques Showcases how researchers working on renewable energy systems can correlate their work with intelligent and machine learning approaches Highlights international standards for intelligent renewable energy systems design, reliability, and maintenance Provides insights on solar cell, biofuels, wind, and other renewable energy systems design and characterization, including the equipment for smart energy systems This book, which includes real-life examples, is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students and academicians studying AI techniques used in renewal energy systems.