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U.S. Marshals' Dilemma: Serving Two Branches of Government
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the various functions performed by the U.S. marshals. This report, the first in a series of three, concerns the organizational relationship of U.S. marshals to the Department of Justice and the Federal Judiciary, which is comprised of federal judges, the Judicial Conference of the United States, and the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. U.S. Marshals are responsible, under separate legislation, for accomplishing missions and objectives of both the executive and judicial branches of the government. GAO believes that, as currently implemented, this is a difficult and unworkable management condition; the Director of the U.S. Marshals Service cannot properly manage law enforcement responsibilities assigned by the Attorney General, and the operation of the federal judicial process suffers. GAO stated that adding more resources could conceivably reduce, in the short term, the operating problems being encountered. However, the basic cause of the problems, the manner in which dual authority over U.S. marshals is exercised, would remain. Both branches of the government would still have authority to take actions which would hinder the ability of the other branch to accomplish its mission.
Abusive leaders are now held accountable for their crimes in a way that was unimaginable just a few decades ago. What are the consequences of this recent push for international justice? In The Justice Dilemma, Daniel Krcmaric explains why the "golden parachute" of exile is no longer an attractive retirement option for oppressive rulers. He argues that this is both a blessing and a curse: leaders culpable for atrocity crimes fight longer civil wars because they lack good exit options, but the threat of international prosecution deters some leaders from committing atrocities in the first place. The Justice Dilemma therefore diagnoses an inherent tension between conflict resolution and atrocity prevention, two of the signature goals of the international community. Krcmaric also sheds light on several important puzzles in world politics. Why do some rulers choose to fight until they are killed or captured? Why not simply save oneself by going into exile? Why do some civil conflicts last so much longer than others? Why has state-sponsored violence against civilians fallen in recent years? While exploring these questions, Krcmaric marshals statistical evidence on patterns of exile, civil war duration, and mass atrocity onset. He also reconstructs the decision-making processes of embattled leaders—including Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, Charles Taylor of Liberia, and Blaise Compaoré of Burkina Faso—to show how contemporary international justice both deters atrocities and prolongs conflicts.

Marshals Service of Process

United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties, and the Administration of Justice

Published: 1983

Total Pages: 364


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