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Originally published in 1997, Urban Environmental Planning provides a groundbreaking overview of innovative methods and techniques for measuring and managing the environmental effects of urban land uses on other urban activities. Fully revised and updated, this second edition brings together a team of leading environmental planners and policy makers from the US, UK, Europe and SE Asia to address the central questions confronting sustainable urban development. Typical questions include: How can you measure and manage the negative environmental effects of intrusive urban activities such as manufacturing and transport on sensitive land uses including residential and recreational areas? Can a balance be found between reducing these effects through means such as separating conflicting land uses? While other sources identify the need for effective programmes to improve urban environmental quality, this volume describes and assesses analytical methods and implementing programmes practised by leading communities around the world.
Multidisciplinary treatment of the urgent issues surrounding urban pollution worldwide Written by some of the top experts on the subject in the world, this book presents the diverse, complex and current themes of the urban pollution debate across the built environment, urban development and management continuum. It uniquely combines the science of urban pollution with associated policy that seeks to control it, and includes a comprehensive collection of international case studies showing the status of the problem worldwide. Urban Pollution: Science and Management is a multifaceted collection of chapters that address the contemporary concomitant issues of increasing urban living and associated issues with contamination by offering solutions specifically for the built environment. It covers: the impacts of urban pollution; historical urban pollution; evolution of air quality policy and management in urban areas; ground gases in urban environments; bioaccessibility of trace elements in urban environments; urban wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal; living green roofs; light pollution; river ecology; greywater recycling and reuse; containment of pollution from urban waste disposal sites; bioremediation in urban pollution mitigation; air quality monitoring; urban pollution in China and India; urban planning in sub–Saharan Africa and more. Deals with both the science and the relevant policy and management issues Examines the main sources of urban pollution Covers both first-world and developing world urban pollution issues Integrates the latest scientific research with practical case studies Deals with both legacy and emerging pollutants and their effects The integration of physical and environmental sciences, combined with social, economic and political sciences and the use of case studies makes Urban Pollution: Science and Management an incredibly useful resource for policy experts, scientists, engineers and those interested in the subject.
Rapid demographic growth will add 600 million people to cities and towns in developing countries during the 1990s, about two-thirds of the expected total population increase. Of the world's 21 megacities, which will expand to have more than 10 million people, 17 will be in developing countries. With urban economic activities making up an increasing share of GDP in all countries, the productivity of the urban economy will heavily influence economic growth. This paper analyzes the fiscal, financial, and real sector linkages between urban economic activities andmacroeconomic performance. It builds on this analysis to propose a policy framework and strategy that willredefine the urban challenge in developing countries. ISBN10: 0-8213-1816-0 ISBN13: 978-0-8213-1816-4
All cities are vulnerable. They have economically, socially, institutionally vulnerable urban space. In developing countries, vulnerable urban space can be observed typically as substandard informal settlements such as slums or areas occupied by squatters. At present, slum dwellers comprise one-third of the world's urban population of 3 billion, and it has been estimated that the number of slum dwellers will double in the next 30 years if no effective action is taken. Improvement of vulnerable urban areas, which is one of the targets of Millennium Development Goals, is thus an urgent worldwide challenge in our age. This book combines empirical and comparative analysis of improvement of vulnerable urban space and post-disaster rehabilitation in Asian and Latin American countries. The discussions presented herein will serve as a useful, thought-provoking source for researchers, practitioners and students, especially for those who are working to alleviate the vulnerability of urban space.
The book illustrates theories of sustainable development from physical, chemical and biological aspects, and then introduces technologies to prevent pollution of water, air, solid waste and noise, finally concludes with ecological environmental protection and restoration techniques. With interdisciplinary features and abundant case studies, it is an essential reference for researchers and industrial engineers.
Man's close inter-relationship with his environment implies that he must respect the inviolability of the Earth's self-correcting mechanisms that, while fairly robust, cannot long endure abuse. However, industrial society with its insatiable craving for more and more energy, for production as well as propulsion has caused enormous environmental degradation. Modern society needs machines, which need energy, which in turn need fuel&the root cause of Man's deliverance as well as being his nemesis. Deforestation, a depleted ozone layer, unprecedented climatic changes, droughts, floods, poisoned ground water, vast tonnages of non-biodegradable solids and chemical vapours injected into the environment, cancers all warn that a better model of industrial and social development is needed. More than mere legislation, what is required is a holistic view of progress per se. This book vividly describes the process by which pollution has become such a horrifying part of our lives. In decrying the western path to development that set the trend, it argues for a return to a saner world-view, making this captivating book a riveting encounter for laymen, students, researchers and policy makers alike.
Urban Management Program Series Paper 14. A recent evaluation of urban research in developing countries noted that scant data are available on the urban environment, as little research has been done on the topic. This first volume in a two-volume set describes the development of a three-step evaluation process whereby data are collected and analyzed to support the involvement of stakeholders, suggests future directions and improvements, and summarizes results from use of the approach in selected cities. The second of a two- volume set (see below) contains tools that practitioners and researchers can apply directly in the field. See also Volume 2 (ISBN 0-8213-2791-7) Stock No. 12791.
This manual comprises a holistic view of urban runoff quality management. For the beginner, who has little previous exposure to urban runoff quality management, the manual covers the entire subject area from sources and effects of pollutants in urban runoff through the development of management plans and the design of controls. For the municipal stormwater management agency, guidance is given for developing a water quality management plan that takes into account receiving water use objectives, local climatology, regulation, financing and cost, and procedures for comparing various types of controls for suitability and cost effectiveness in a particular area. This guidance will also assist owners of large-scale urban development projects in cost-effectively and aesthetically integrating water quality control to the drainage plan. The manual is also directed to designers who desire a self-contained unit that discusses the design of specific quality controls for urban runoff.
This paper describes a strategic approach to urban environmental planning and management that is based on participation, building commitment, and choosing effective policy interventions. Five key policy areas are emphasized : (i) mobilizing public support and participation, (ii) choosing policy instruments that will change behavior, relieve conflicts, and encourage cooperative arrangements, (iii) building local institutional capacity, (iv) strengthening urban service delivery, and (v) increasing local knowledge about urban environment. Case studies are presented to show how institutional, informational, political, and technical problems related to urban environment management can be addressed in a strategic manner. (Adapté du résumé des auteurs).