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Evocative photographs of a major archaeological expedition from the last century, conveying the effort and excitement of discovery and the austere beauty of the desert landscape. Specially trained Egyptian photographers were an integral part of the pioneering Harvard-MFA expedition during the first half of the twentieth century. Their photographs documented the excavations with thousands of images, as the riches of a great ancient civilization in northern Sudan were uncovered. The best of these photographs bring to life the dramatic landscapes of the Nile Valley, the excitement of archaeological discovery, and the artistry of the photographers who recorded it all.
Ancient Nubia was home to a series of civilizations between the sixth millennium BCE and 350 CE that produced towering monuments, including more pyramids than in neighboring Egypt, and artifacts of enduring beauty and significance. Nubia's trade network reached across the Mediterranean and far into Africa. At the time that Nubian kings conquered Egypt, in the middle of the eighth century BCE, they controlled one of the largest empires of the ancient world. The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, has the most extensive and important collection of ancient Nubian art outside of Khartoum, mostly gathered during the pioneering Harvard University-Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition in the first half of the 20th century. The objects highlighted in this volume include refined early ceramics, monumental statues and relief carvings made for royal pyramids, exquisite gold and enamel jewelry, playful decorations for furniture and clothing, and luxury goods traded from around the Mediterranean world.
Publication of the first season of the Archaeological Survey of Nubia included an in-depth anatomical study of the cemetery populations, but this was not replicated in future years. This book reconstructs the anatomical studies carried out for the second season, using newly discovered records, archival records and the scant surviving human remains.
A lushly illustrated gazetteer of the archaeological sites of southern Egypt and northern Sudan and named a 2012 American Publishers (PROSE) Awards winner for Best Archaeology & Anthropology Book For most of the modern world, ancient Nubia seems an unknown and enigmatic land. Only a handful of archaeologists have studied its history or unearthed the Nubian cities, temples, and cemeteries that once dotted the landscape of southern Egypt and northern Sudan. Nubia’s remote setting in the midst of an inhospitable desert, with access by river blocked by impassable rapids, has lent it not only an air of mystery, but also isolated it from exploration. Over the past century, particularly during this last generation, scholars have begun to focus more attention on the fascinating cultures of ancient Nubia, ironically prompted by the construction of large dams that have flooded vast tracts of the ancient land. This book attempts to document some of what has recently been discovered about ancient Nubia, with its remarkable history, architecture, and culture, and thereby to give us a picture of this rich, but unfamiliar, African legacy.
Numerous research projects have studied the Nubian cultures of Sudan and Egypt over the last thirty years, leading to significant new insights. The contributions to this handbook illuminate our current understanding of the cultural history of this fascinating region, including its interconnections to the natural world.
Nubia, an enchanting region along the Nile River, stretches from the Nile's first cataract, just below Aswan, Egypt, to the confluence of the Blue and White Niles near Khartoum, Sudan, or more precisely, Al Dabbah. This historical land holds the remnants of the Kerma culture, a beacon of one of ancient Africa's earliest civilizations, flourishing from approximately 2500 BC until its subjugation by the New Kingdom of Egypt under Pharaoh Thutmose I in 1500 BC. The legacy of the Kerma culture endured for 400 years under the rule of the heirs of the New Kingdom of Egypt, shaping the cultural landscape of Nubia. A pivotal chapter in Nubian history unfolded with the rise of the Kingdom of Kush, a formidable empire that asserted dominance over Egypt in the ninth century BC, during the reign of Piye. This supremacy persisted through the 25th Dynasty, only to be succeeded by the native Egyptian 26th Dynasty a century later. The northern reaches of Nubia witnessed a transformative period when Greek and Roman forces invaded and annexed the territory from the 3rd century BC to the 3rd century AD. In the Greco-Roman world, this region bore the moniker Dodekaschoinos. The fourth century AD marked the intrusion of the Ethiopian Kingdom of Aksum into Kush, leading to the establishment of three Christian kingdoms—Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia. Makuria and Alodia stood resilient for almost a millennium, their endurance etched in the annals of time. However, the sixteenth century ushered in a partition of Nubia, with the Ottomans claiming the northern half and the Sennar sultanate seizing the southern half. This era also witnessed the rapid Islamization and partial Arabization of the Nubian people. The nineteenth century brought about a reunification of Nubia with Egypt's Khedivate, further altering the historical landscape. Today, the Nubian region finds itself geographically divided between Egypt and Sudan.
"This volume comprises all but one of the papers presented at the workshop Unearthing the Wilderness : Workshop on the History and Archaeology of the Negev and Edom in the Iron Age, held at the W.F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research, Jerusalem, on 12 December 2010. It is supplemented with studies from scholars who were unable to attend the conference but were eager to contribute to this book."--Preface.
“A much-needed resource for those serious about biblical studies.” —Mark M. Yarbrough, president, Dallas Theological Seminary The Bible has long been dismissed as a book of myths, legends, fairy tales, and propaganda. Yet when we examine the archaeological evidence, its accuracy comes to light. In Unearthing the Bible, Dr. Titus M. Kennedy presents 101 objects that provide compelling evidence for the historical reliability of Scripture from the dawn of civilization through the early church. Gathered from more than 50 museums, private collections, and archaeological sites, these pieces not only reinforce the reliability of the biblical narratives, but also provide rich cultural insights into the ancient world. Using this visual guide, you can find context for your faith as you make your way through the Bible. Dr. Kennedy’s photographs and detailed descriptions enable you to examine each piece of fascinating evidence for yourself. From the earliest tablets of creation to artifacts connected with the life and resurrection of Jesus, Unearthing the Bible shows you can be confident there is an abundance of archaeological support for the history told in the Scriptures.
The cultures of Nubia built the earliest cities, states, and empires of inner Africa, but they remain relatively poorly known outside their modern descendants and the community of archaeologists, historians, and art historians researching them. The earliest archaeological work in Nubia was motivated by the region's role as neighbor, trade partner, and enemy of ancient Egypt. Increasingly, however, ancient Nile-based Nubian cultures are recognized in their own right as the earliest complex societies in inner Africa. As agro-pastoral cultures, Nubian settlement, economy, political organization, and religious ideologies were often organized differently from those of the urban, bureaucratic, and predominantly agricultural states of Egypt and the ancient Near East. Nubian societies are thus of great interest in comparative study, and are also recognized for their broader impact on the histories of the eastern Mediterranean and the Near East. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia brings together chapters by an international group of scholars on a wide variety of topics that relate to the history and archaeology of the region. After important introductory chapters on the history of research in Nubia and on its climate and physical environment, the largest part of the volume focuses on the sequence of cultures that lead almost to the present day. Several cross-cutting themes are woven through these chapters, including essays on desert cultures and on Nubians in Egypt. Eleven final chapters synthesize subjects across all historical phases, including gender and the body, economy and trade, landscape archaeology, iron working, and stone quarrying.
Short studies concerning Egyptian Nile Delta related excavations and museum objects in honor of Willem van Haarlem on the occasion of his retirement as curator at the Allard Pierson Museum, Amsterdam.