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The present book has certainly been a selection by the time itself, not by the choice of the author himself. The book has been in full compliance with the course guidelines delineated by the ICAR, New Delhi. It will certainly be followed by the UG & PG students, research scholars, academicians and the teachers of all the Universities across the country and abroad. The book has accommodated all possible innovative aspects of training of extension sciences along with its basic and classical contents. The chapterisation being: Part: I- Training: 1. Training and Development; 2. Methods of Training; 3. The trainer's role and responsibility; 4. Training Aids; 5. Training Evaluation; 6. Training Module or Course Evaluation and 7. Organizing and managing a training course Part: II- Training Process: Ideas and Outlining, 8. Assess and agree training needs; 9. Create Training or Development Specification; 10. Consider Learning Styles and personality Howard Gardner"s Multiple intelligences 11. Erikson's Psychological Development theory; 12. Johari Window; 13. Plan training and evaluation; 14. Design materials, methods and deliver training; 15. Meeting and 16. Writing tips Part: III- Methods of Delivery, 17. Presentation & lectures; 18. Interactive mini-lecture; 19. Small group exercise; 20. Discussions; 21. Group discussions; 22. Role Play; 23. Who are the Trainers and can you became a Trainer?; 24. The demonstration method of presenting; 25. Develop the training programme and 26. Logistics Part: IV- Capacity Building Programme, 27. Capacity building; 28. Organisational capacity building; 29. Capacity building in developing countries; 30. Capacity building and training development programmers and 31. Capacity building in government Part: V- Human Resource Development, 32. Human resource development; 33. Training needs assessment: An important HRD functions; 34. Role of HRD in facilitating learning in the organisations and 35. Labour management Part: VI- Human Resource Management, 36. Human resource management 37. Human resource planning; 38. Personal management; 39. Talent management; 40. Knowledge management; 41. HRM environment in India and 42. e-HRM. The text retained and described in different chapter have delivered the present need and directions of extension education going to serve the purpose of multilevel stakeholders performing their specified roles along and across the domain of agriculture, developmental studies, methodological researches, policy formulation and management applications. We hope the book will be welcome by scholars and professionals and keep generating valuable feed back in reconstructing it in due course of time.
The framework of development; Understanding extension; Social and cultural factors in extension; Extension and comunication; Extension methods; The extension agent; The planning and evaluation of extension programmes; Extension an special target groups.
Organization pattern on the training and visit; System of agricultural extension; Reforming extension: basic guidelines; The training and visit system: main features; Personnel and physical requirements; Impact of effective extension.
The need for current and better quality training materials was cited by both certification program instructors and coordinators. In recognition of these shortcomings, the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) funded a major project with Penn State University, The Ohio State University, and the National Safety Council to develop a National Safe Tractor and Machinery Operation Program (NSTMOP). The result is the NSTMOP Student Manual. This manual, including the task sheets, is the primary curriculum resource developed and designed to be used in a variety of instructional settings. The task sheets are divided into 6 sections: introduction; safety basics; agricultural hazards; the tractor; connecting and using implements with the tractor; and material handling (skid steers, ATV, and utility vehicles). There are a total of 77 task sheets, 48 are identified as core topics. Also included are a skills and driving test layout map and evaluation forms.
The paper analyzes several aspects of the operation and effects of the T & V extension system. Specific questions related to the supply of, and demand for, extension agents (VEW) visits, the presence or absence of farm size bias in VEW visits, seasonal and longer-term variations in the pattern of VEW visits, the relative importance of the VEW as a source of information to farmers, and the crop yields obtained by farmers in relation to their main sources of agricultural advice are addressed in detail. The paper draws the following main conclusions. Most (85 percent) contact farmers are visited regularly, and the majority of noncontact farmers also have some interaction with VEWs, suggesting that the supply of extension services is adequate. VEWs appear to be more active in the dry season than in the rainy season, which may be attributable to an emphasis on irrigated crop technology. As experience with the T & V system increases, contact farmers appear to receive fewer visits from VEWs, but visits to noncontact farmers increase. VEWs play a more important role as a disseminators of information in areas operating the T & V system than in areas relying on the older community development system of extension.
The 2nd Fully Revised Edition of the very well accepted book contains all the relevant, updated and revised topics including current and emerging areas pertaining to extension science which includes Concepts and Principles of Extension, Rural Sociology and Psychology, Research Methodology, Developmental Schemes in India, Management, Programme Planning and Evaluation, Process of Communication, Information and Communication Technology, Diffusion of Innovation, Training for Development, Farm Journalism, Women empowerment and Gender Mainstreaming. The data has been fully updated with years clearly marked against each to avoid confusion. Students who are aspiring to become experts in the field of Extension Science, this book will be quite helpful for them to prepare for all competitive exams including ARS and PG entrance examination in addition to equipping them in all the dimensions of extension education.
Agricultural transformation and development are critical to the livelihoods of more than a billion small-scale farmers and other rural people in developing countries. Extension and advisory services play an important role in such transformation and can assist farmers with advice and information, brokering and facilitating innovations and relationships, and dealing with risks and disasters. Agricultural Extension: Global Status and Performance in Selected Countries provides a global overview of agricultural extension and advisory services, assesses and compares extension systems at the national and regional levels, examines the performance of extension approaches in a selected set of country cases, and shares lessons and policy insights. Drawing on both primary and secondary data, the book contributes to the literature on extension by applying a common and comprehensive framework — the “best-fit” approach — to assessments of extension systems, which allows for comparison across cases and geographies. Insights from the research support reforms — in governance, capacity, management, and advisory methods — to improve outcomes, enhance financial sustainability, and achieve greater scale. Agricultural Extension should be a valuable resource for policymakers, extension practitioners, and others concerned with agricultural development.
Agricultural extension provides the critical connection from agricultural innovation and discovery to durable improvements at scale, as farmers and other actors in the rural economy learn, adapt, and innovate with new technologies and practices. However, lack of capacity and performance of agricultural extension in lower- and middle-income countries is an ongoing concern. Research on agricultural extension and advisory services (in short, extension) has been an integral part of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) since its inception. This brief synthesizes key findings from research funded by and linked to PIM from 2012 to 2021, presenting lessons learned and a vision for the future of extension. A list of all PIM-related extension and advisory services research is provided at the end. Designing and implementing effective provision of extension is complex, and efforts to strengthen extension services often fall into a trap of adopting “best practice” blueprint approaches that are not well-tailored to local conditions. An expansive literature examines the promises and pitfalls of common approaches, including training-and-visit extension systems, farmer field schools, and many others (Anderson and Feder 2004; Anderson et al. 2006; Waddington and White 2014; Scoones and Thompson 2009). To understand extension systems and build evidence for what works and where, the “best-fit” framework, a widely recognized approach developed by Birner and colleagues (2009) and adapted by Davis and Spielman (2017), offers a simple impact chain approach (Figure 1). The framework focuses on a defined set of extension service characteristics that affect performance: governance structures and funding; organizational and management capacities and cultures; methods; and community engagement — all of which are subject to external factors such as the policy environment, agroecological conditions, and farming-system heterogeneity. To enhance extension performance and, ultimately, a wide range of outcomes and impacts, new and innovative interventions can be applied and adapted within this set of extension characteristics.