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The new anthology from CGSC's Department of Joint, Interagency, and Multinational Operations includes discussions on developing strategy at the national level, current challenges in Asia and Africa, and how to lead joint, interagency, and multinational teams.The government shutdown of January 2019 demonstrated the challenges of managing a nation's budget. A wall? Universal health care? Debt relief for student loans? Collective security of our Allies? These are all concerns that continue to face our nation. Questions of sovereignty and security versus diplomacy and humanitarian concerns are real. To be a successful nation, all of these issues must be addressed. How should the executive and legislative branches accomplish everything? How should domestic agencies respond? Where do defense priorities fall? There are risks with inaction, but there are additional risks in putting limited resources into actions that will not achieve the strategic ends desired for the country. Volume 3 addresses different challenges the United States faces when confronted with fiscal constraint. Department of Joint, Interagency, and Multinational Operations faculty once again apply their experiences in the chapters of this compendium to present well-researched recommendations on a variety of challenges faced in planning the use of vital resources during fiscal constraint.The underlying theme of this volume is to address global security challenges in a fiscally constrained environment. In that vein, John H. Modinger's article examines how the United States can effectively deal with China's increasingly assertive (some would say belligerent) behavior from a military perspective, amidst growing financial constraints. In Chapter 5, David A. Anderson writes about the role that investment plays in Africa's stability and economic development. His article also addresses the particular challenge of enticing foreign investment during times of fiscal constraint. In Chapter 6, Jeff D. Vordermark expands on his work from previous volumes to emphasize the importance of preparing for water scarcity when planning to provide security around the world. In Chapter 7, I seek to create an understanding that more money and education may be necessary to prepare leaders against the insider threat within their organizations. Even in a fiscally constrained environment, leaders cannot afford to be complacent against these threats. William J. Davis Jr. concludes Volume 3 with a compelling discussion about the adaptive leadership required in the joint, interagency, interorganizational, and multinational (JIIM) environment. These chapters consider national security interests while recognizing that funding is limited. Priorities must be made in how to educate, organize, train, and plan within this fiscally constrained environment. There are many topics on fiscal priorities that could be studied; the goal of this compendium is to provoke thought regarding some of the key issues that impact military planners.
This volume begins with some thinking about thinking. Mr. Kurt VanderSteen will help us with this by providing some insights into looking at military operations from a system's perspective; to view the operational environment as an interconnected whole having properties and characteristics with far reaching impacts. Next, Lieutenant Colonel Paul Oh will build on this perspective by considering a framework to use various metaphors to better understand the different types of systems we are likely to face in the future. Beyond just center of gravity, he posits that using other metaphors is a way planners can creatively and critically explore uncertain environment and formulate possible solutions. Next we will look to some of our authors for views about our national strategy. Lieutenant Colonel Greg Sharpe and Major Ken Rich (PhD) share their vision of an expansion beyond our traditional instruments of national power of diplomacy, information, military, and economics (DIME) to include the space domain. Their chapter highlights the vital nature of assured access to space as a key consideration in developing our national security strategies. For his chapter, Dr. Rich Berkebile examines how the organizational structure of terrorism manifests in the domestic environment. He suggests contrary to public discourse, hierarchically organized terrorist groups are more dangerous than networked or leaderless resistance arrangements. Nonetheless, leaderless resistance is the dominant 21st Century domestic threat and requires new approaches to combating terrorism. Together, these two chapters remind us that a strategy must be ever responsive to evolving technologies and challenges. There is always a challenge when you try to assess the future. Two of our authors attempt to do that by analyzing the past to gain insights into what may be ahead. These authors have identified specific issues of concern. Dr. David Anderson provides a qualitative analysis into the economics associated with genocide and proposes that there are indicators and warnings to prevent future genocides. As a result of his research, he also identities some long-term economic consequences following a genocide. As Dr. Anderson looks to economics as a way to predict genocide, the next author, Mr. Jeff Vordermark explores the complex aspects of water availability/scarcity as a national security issue that represents both a likely trigger for future conflict and also a unique challenge to national interests and operational planning. Chapter 1 - Shadows on Cave Walls: Systems Perspective in the Operational Environment * Chapter 2 - Center of Gravity and Beyond: Power and Perils of Metaphors in Joint Planning * Chapter 3 - Assured Access to Space: An Examination of the Space Domain as a Tool for National Power * Chapter 4 - Inchoate Revolution: Organizational Structure and Terrorism in the Domestic Security Environment * Chapter 5 - Behind the Economics and Consequences of Genocide * Chapter 6 - Future Conflict - Water as a Strategic Issue * Chapter 7 - Building Partner Capacity: Avoiding the Imperialism Problem * * Chapter 8 - Developing a New Relationship with Europe: Lessons from NATO's Origins * Chapter 9 - The Foundations of Sino-American Military-to-Military Relations: From the Boxer Relief Expedition to the Joint United States Military Advisory Group - China, 1900-1949 * Chapter 10 - Neighbours... and Friends? Homeland Security and US - Canada Relations * Chapter 11 - Are We Doing Enough to Educate Our Military Leaders in Homeland Security Operations?
Based on interviews and focus groups, this monograph identifies and describes the knowledge, skills, and abilities that enable Army officers to succeed in joint, interagency, intergovernmental, and multinational contexts. Researchers identified the kinds of assignments that develop the needed capabilities and used inventory modeling to assess the Army's ability to develop and maintain a cadre of properly qualified officers.
The challenges and complexity of the future will require the Army to provide a broader range of capabilities to achieve strategic outcomes across a complex and diverse range of global missions. The Army Vision cites "integrate operations" as one of the unique roles performed by the Army, providing combatant commanders with foundational capabilities, to include headquarters capable of integrating joint, interagency, and multinational operations. In the future, the need for interoperability will extend to lower echelons of Army forces in order to effectively integrate smaller national contributions into multinational operations. The Army Vision further describes interoperability as one of eight key characteristics of the Army of 2025. As the foundation upon which other U.S., allied, and multinational capabilities will operate, the Army of 2025 must be interoperable by easily supporting and enabling joint, whole-of-government, and multinational land-based operations. We must develop and advance a base technological architecture into which other military Services, U.S. government agencies, and allies and partners can easily "plug and play."Improving the Army's multinational force interoperability (MFI) with allies and partners remains a high priority for the Army. Army MFI activities enhance the Army's readiness to fight and win as part of a multinational force that provides strategic options for civilian and military leaders in current and future crises.
"The challenges and complexity of the future will require the Army to provide a broader range of capabilities to achieve strategic outcomes across a complex and diverse range of global missions. The Army Vision cites "integrate operations" as one of the unique roles performed by the Army, providing combatant commanders with foundational capabilities, to include headquarters capable of integrating joint, interagency, and multinational operations. In the future, the need for interoperability will extend to lower echelons of Army forces in order to effectively integrate smaller national contributions into multinational operations.."--
"This fourth volume of the Through the Joint, Interagency, and Multinational Lens series explores the National Security Strategy, which helps US agencies and departments (including the military services), understand executive direction for the country to address threats, challenges, and opportunities. Prior and current US Department of Joint, Interagency, and Multinational Operations (DJIMO) faculty members study different aspects of the strategies, introduced in 1987, to help encourage thoughtful and informed discussion"--
Conducting the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) and projecting United States (US) influence worldwide has meant an increasing number of US diplomats and military forces are assigned to locations around the world, some of which have not previously had a significant US presence. In the current security environment, understanding foreign cultures and societies has become a national priority. Cultural understanding is necessary both to defeat adversaries and to work successfully with allies.