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In Molecular Thermodynamics of Complex Systems, the chapter authors critically examine not only the current state of the art in chemical research into structure and bonding, but also look at the direction the subject might take as it develops in future years.
With the development of science and technology,more and more complex materials such as porous materials, ion liquid, liquid crystals, thin ?lms and colloids etc. are being developed in laboratories. However, it is dif?cult to prepare these advanced materials and use them on a large scale without some experience. Therefore, mo- cular thermodynamics, a method that laid emphasis on correlating and interpreting the thermodynamic properties of a variety of ?uids in the past, has been recently employed to study the equilibrium properties of complex materials and establish thermodynamic models to analyse the evolution process of their components, - crostructures and functions during the preparation process. In this volume, some important progress in this ?eld, from fundamental aspects to practical applications, is reviewed. In the ?rst chapter of this volume, Prof. Jianzhong Wu presents the application of Density Functional theory (DFT) for the study of the structure and thermodynamic properties of both bulk and inhomogeneous ?uids. This chapter presents a tut- ial overview of the basic concepts of DFT for classical systems, the mathematical relations linking the microstructure and correlation functions to measurable th- modynamic quantities, and the connections of DFT with conventional liquid-state theories. While for pedagogythe discussion is limited to one-componentsimple - ids, similar ideas and concepts are directly applicable to mixtures and polymeric systems of practical concern. This chapter also covers a few theoretical approaches to formulate the thermodynamic functional.
J.-P. CALISTE, A. TRUYOL AND J. WESTBROOK The Series, "Data and Knowledge in a Changing World", exemplifies CODATA's primary purpose of collecting, from widely different fields, a wealth of information on efficient exploitation of data for progress in science and technology and making that information available to scientists and engineers. A separate and complementary CODATA Reference Series will present Directories of compiled and evaluated data and Glossaries of data-related terms. The present book "Thermodynamic Modeling and Materials Data Engineering" discusses thermodynamic, structural, systemic and heuristic approaches to the modeling of complex materials behavior in condensed phases, both fluids and solids, in order to evaluate their potential applications. Itwas inspired by the Symposium on "Materials and Structural Properties" held during the 14th International CODATA Conference in Chambery, France. The quality of the contributions to this Symposium motivated us to present" a coherent book of interest to the field. Updated contributions inspired by Symposium discussions and selections from other CODATA workshops concerning material properties data and Computer Aided Design combine to highlight the complexity of material data issues on experimental, theoretical and simulation levels Articles were selected for their pertinence in three areas. Complex data leading to interesting developments and tools such as: • new developments in state equations and their applications, • prediction and validation of physical and energy data by group correlations for pure compounds, • modeling and prediction of mixture properties.
Supercritical fluids behave either like a gas or a liquid, depending on the values of thermodynamic properties. This tuning of properties, and other advantageous properties of supercritical fluids led to innovative technologies. More than 100 plants of production size are now in operation worldwide in the areas of process and production technology, environmental applications, and particle engineering. New processes are under research and development in various fields. This book provides an overview of the research activities in the field of Supercritical Fluids in Germany. It is based on the research program "Supercritical fluids as solvents and reaction media" on the initiative of the "GVC-Fachausschuß Hochdruckverfahrenstechnik" (i.e. the German working party on High Pressure Chemical Engineering of the Society of Chemical Engineers).This research program provided an immensely valuable platform for exchange of knowledge and experience. More than 50 young researchers were involved contributing with their expertise, their new ideas, and the motivation of youth. The results of this innovative research are described in this book.- This book provides an overview of the research activities in the field of Supercritical Fluids in Germany- Contains results of projects within the research program on "Supercritical fluids as solvents and reaction media" on the initiative of the German working party on High Pressure Chemical Engineering of the Society of Chemical Engineers.- More than 50 young researchers were involved in contributing with their expertise, their new ideas, and the motivation of youth.
This text provides a concise introduction to non-equilibrium thermodynamics of open, complex systems using a first-principles approach. In the first chapters, the principles of thermodynamics of complex systems are discussed. The subsequent chapters apply the principles to the dynamics of chemical reactions and complex fluids, growth and development of biological organisms, and the dynamics of social structures and institutes. The final chapter discusses the principles of science as an artificial system. The book is a valuable reference text for researchers interested in thermodynamics and complex systems, and useful supplementary reading for graduate courses on advanced thermodynamics, thermodynamics of non-equilibrium systems and thermodynamics of complex/open systems. Key Features Provides a concise introduction to non-equilibrium thermodynamics of open complex systems, using a first-principles approach Discusses thermodynamics as the universal tool for the description of reality Looks at complex systems, such as biological organisms, populations and subsystems of human society from the perspective of thermodynamics Covers principles, applications and statistical interpretations
This text provides a concise introduction to non-equilibrium thermodynamics of open, complex systems using a first-principles approach. In the first chapters, the principles of thermodynamics of complex systems are discussed. The subsequent chapters apply the principles to the dynamics of chemical reactions and complex fluids, growth and development of biological organisms, and the dynamics of social structures and institutes. The final chapter discusses the principles of science as an artificial system. The book is a valuable reference text for researchers interested in thermodynamics and complex systems, and useful supplementary reading for graduate courses on advanced thermodynamics, thermodynamics of non-equilibrium systems and thermodynamics of complex/open systems. Key Features Provides a concise introduction to non-equilibrium thermodynamics of open complex systems, using a first-principles approach Discusses thermodynamics as the universal tool for the description of reality Looks at complex systems, such as biological organisms, populations and subsystems of human society from the perspective of thermodynamics Covers principles, applications and statistical interpretations
Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Modeling of Solutions provides readers with an understanding of thermodynamics and phase equilibria that is required to make full and efficient use of these tools. The book systematically discusses phase diagrams of all types, the thermodynamics behind them, their calculations from thermodynamic databases, and the structural models of solutions used in the development of these databases. Featuring examples from a wide range of systems including metals, salts, ceramics, refractories, and concentrated aqueous solutions, Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Modeling of Solutions is a vital resource for researchers and developers in materials science, metallurgy, combustion and energy, corrosion engineering, environmental engineering, geology, glass technology, nuclear engineering, and other fields of inorganic chemical and materials science and engineering. Additionally, experts involved in developing thermodynamic databases will find a comprehensive reference text of current solution models. Presents a rigorous and complete development of thermodynamics for readers who already have a basic understanding of chemical thermodynamics Provides an in-depth understanding of phase equilibria Includes information that can be used as a text for graduate courses on thermodynamics and phase diagrams, or on solution modeling Covers several types of phase diagrams (paraequilibrium, solidus projections, first-melting projections, Scheil diagrams, enthalpy diagrams), and more
This book provides a self-contained presentation of the physical and mathematical laws governing complex systems. Complex systems arising in natural, engineering, environmental, life and social sciences are approached from a unifying point of view using an array of methodologies such as microscopic and macroscopic level formulations, deterministic and probabilistic tools, modeling and simulation. The book can be used as a textbook by graduate students, researchers and teachers in science, as well as non-experts who wish to have an overview of one of the most open, markedly interdisciplinary and fast-growing branches of present-day science.