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Thousands of measures are in use today to assess health and health care in the United States. Although many of these measures provide useful information, their usefulness in either gauging or guiding performance improvement in health and health care is seriously limited by their sheer number, as well as their lack of consistency, compatibility, reliability, focus, and organization. To achieve better health at lower cost, all stakeholders - including health professionals, payers, policy makers, and members of the public - must be alert to what matters most. What are the core measures that will yield the clearest understanding and focus on better health and well-being for Americans? Vital Signs explores the most important issues - healthier people, better quality care, affordable care, and engaged individuals and communities - and specifies a streamlined set of 15 core measures. These measures, if standardized and applied at national, state, local, and institutional levels across the country, will transform the effectiveness, efficiency, and burden of health measurement and help accelerate focus and progress on our highest health priorities. Vital Signs also describes the leadership and activities necessary to refine, apply, maintain, and revise the measures over time, as well as how they can improve the focus and utility of measures outside the core set. If health care is to become more effective and more efficient, sharper attention is required on the elements most important to health and health care. Vital Signs lays the groundwork for the adoption of core measures that, if systematically applied, will yield better health at a lower cost for all Americans.
Vital signs, such as heart rate and respiration rate, are useful to health monitoring because they can provide important physiological insights for medical diagnosis and well-being management. Most traditional methods for measuring vital signs require a person to wear biomedical devices, such as a capnometer, a pulse oximeter, or an electrocardiogram sensor. These contact-based technologies are inconvenient, cumbersome, and uncomfortable to use. There is a compelling need for technologies that enable contact-free, easily deployable, and long-term monitoring of vital signs for healthcare. Contactless Vital Signs Monitoring presents a systematic and in-depth review on the principles, methodologies, and opportunities of using different wavelengths of an electromagnetic spectrum to measure vital signs from the human face and body contactlessly. The volume brings together pioneering researchers active in the field to report the latest progress made, in an intensive and structured way. It also presents various healthcare applications using camera and radio frequency-based monitoring, from clinical care to home care, to sport training and automotive, such as patient/neonatal monitoring in intensive care units, general wards, emergency department triage, MR/CT cardiac and respiratory gating, sleep centers, baby/elderly care, fitness cardio training, driver monitoring in automotive settings, and more. This book will be an important educational source for biomedical researchers, AI healthcare researchers, computer vision researchers, wireless-sensing researchers, doctors/clinicians, physicians/psychologists, and medical equipment manufacturers. Includes various contactless vital signs monitoring techniques, such as optical-based, radar-based, WiFi-based, RFID-based, and acoustic-based methods. Presents a thorough introduction to the measurement principles, methodologies, healthcare applications, hardware set-ups, and systems for contactless measurement of vital signs using camera or RF sensors. Presents the opportunities for the fusion of camera and RF sensors for contactless vital signs monitoring and healthcare.
The vital signs are, by definition, the measurements of the body's most basic functions. So far, the essential number of signs that must be measured is not clear as some references consider that the body temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate and breathing rate are sufficient but other sources consider that the measurement of other variables, such as the respiratory effort and oxygen saturation, are also crucial to determine the health of the person. This book is not intended to define the critical vital signs but presents the correlation of these measurements with other variables as well as the proposition of new methods to determine these variables. It also proposes some innovative applications that relay on these signs in a way to monitor and help the human being. Thus, this book presents six chapters that deal first with the correlation between the physical training and the blood pressure level among adults as well as the stress effects for nurses on their vital signs. Added to that, the influence of the vital signs to predict and detect epileptical seizure and the analysis of neural mechanisms of major depressive disorders will be also presented. As for the other chapters, they go into some engineering applications related to vital signs as the development of a smart syringe pump that monitors the patient's crucial parameters and the introduction of a novel system that monitors the driver's health and notifies health care providers in case the driver has any health failure in order to prevent cars accidents.
Accurate clinical observations are the key to good patient care and fundamental to nursing practice. Vital Signs for Nurses will support anyone in care delivery to enhance their skills, reflect upon their own practice and assist in their continuing professional development. This practical introductory text explores how to make assessments of heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, pain and nutrition. It also looks at issues of infection control, record-keeping and legal and ethical considerations. With case studies and examples throughout, this text will be invaluable to all healthcare assistants, student nurses, Trainee Assistant Practitioners and students on foundation degrees.
Successor to the editors' groundbreaking book on medical emergency teams, Textbook of Rapid Response Systems addresses the problem of patient safety and quality of care; the logistics of creating an RRS (resource allocation, process design, workflow, and training); the implementation of an RRS (organizational issues, challenges); and the evaluation of program results. Based on successful RRS models that have resulted in reduced in-hospital cardiac arrest and overall hospital death rates, this book is a practical guide for physicians, hospital administrators, and other healthcare professionals who wish to initiate an RRS program within their own institutions.
NEW! Emphasis on clinical reasoning provides insights and clinical expertise to help you develop clinical judgment skills. NEW! Enhanced emphasis on patient safety and healthcare quality, particularly as it relates to sports participation. NEW! Content on documentation has been updated with a stronger focus on electronic charting (EHR/EMR). NEW! Enhanced social inclusiveness and patient-centeredness incorporates LGBTQ patients and providers, with special a emphasis on cultural competency, history-taking, and special considerations for examination of the breasts, female and male genitalia, reproductive health, thyroid, and anus/rectum/prostate. NEW! Telemedicine, virtual consults, and video interpreters content added to the Growth, Measurement, and Nutrition chapter. NEW! Improved readability with a clear, straightforward, and easy-to-understand writing style. NEW! Updated drawing, and photographs enhance visual appeal and clarify anatomical content and exam techniques.
Measuring vital signs is usually the first step in almost every medical evaluation. Doctors use these measurements to better understand how a person's body is functioning and to detect possible health concerns. By monitoring a person's vital signs consistently, such as at every health checkup, a doctor can establish a baseline for that person. Vital signs can then act as early warning flags. For example, a change in a person's baseline measurements might point to an underlying illness or heart issue that has not yet been diagnosed. Vital signs are measurements of the body's basic functions. The vital signs doctors typically measure and monitor are: body temperature heart rate (the rate of your heartbeat) respiratory rate (rate of breathing) blood pressure oxygen saturation (the amount of oxygen circulating in your blood)
Series overview: Measuring vital signs is one of the fundamental clinical skill that every medical assistant needs to master to provide competent patient care. The measurement of vital signs - including temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and an assessment of pain - is performed routinely in every healthcare setting. Evaluations of these findings through comparison with previous measurements and established normal ranges can indicate important changes in physical and/or emotional conditions of patients. Medcom's two-part Measuring vital signs series is tailored to the needs of medical assistant in a variety of healthcare settings to provide a fresh look at mastering these basic skills. The series explains the clinical significance of measuring these health indicators and demonstrates the correct techniques for: Measuring temperature, Measuring pulse rate, Measuring respiration rate, Measuring blood pressure, Making a pain assessment.