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Contemporarily, politics is getting more interesting especially with media being one of the major tools in election campaigns as well as political strategy setters. Increasingly, scholars have come to see the new media as playing a vital role in shaping political participation that are able to bring about broader social and nation change. Recent studies have shown a positive link between frequencies of social media usage towards participatory democracy. Highlighting on how social media allows society in its ability to communicate and disseminate information, which includes critical views and dissidents voices, some scholars have viewed this as a negative impact especially on nation building. Taking all these pointers into consideration, this study seeks to understand and examine the role of social media within Malaysian participatory democracy particularly among the youths. This study employed quantitative approach of cross-sectional analysis that focussed on youths of central Malaysia. It is found that online news media consumption among Malaysian youths is on an average level, so is their direct involvement in participatory democracy. Using a co-relational analysis, the study found that there is significant relationship between the use of online news media and political participation among youths of central Malaysia.
This book analyses the exponential growth of independent news portal (INPs) in Malaysia and discusses the extent of impacts generated from these portals in Malaysian electoral conduct especially during Malaysia's 12th and 13th general elections. The mainstream media in Malaysia has for decades been controlled by strict laws such as the Printing Presses and Publications Act (PPPA) and the Sedition Act, as well as self-censorship by print and broadcast journalists and editors. The rise of INP in Malaysia has challenged this government stranglehold, as well as making information available much faster than the mainstream media. The undeniable speed of the news posted on INP which often come with interactive contents are seen to have caused a remarkable increment on public's options with regards to expressing their political views. Some of the INPs have also impressively taken up a notch by providing live streaming videos or interesting online visual news which indirectly unifies various sectors of pressure groups in providing options of circulating and disseminating information to the public. The interviews conducted for this book provide deeper insights from those producing news and at the same time provide a specific and thorough observation on political events including representatives of the Malaysian middle class, Opposition parties, youth and university students, NGOs and civil society movements. Chinnasamy investigates key questions relating to this shift in relation to media preference concerning on the mainstream and political landscape in Malaysia. Did the INP evolve new democratic movement in the country or induce a change in the way the government retains its power by increasing people's active engagement in political participation? Did any revolution in government-managed media landscape occur drastically? If so, how did they accomplish these changes? This book will fill the gap of existing research on how far have the INP empowered themselves to be the third force in fighting democratic movement in the country and how the ruling government continues seeing it as a contention, as foreseen by many experts in the industry.
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This book is concerned with the contexts, nature and quality of the participation of young people in European democratic life. The authors understand democracy broadly as both institutional politics and civic cultures, and a wide range of methods are used to analyse and assess youth participation and attitudes.
This thesis argues that the role played by the independent news portal (INP), Malaysiakini.com has expanded since 2007 in Malaysia's political culture, enriching the country's traditional public sphere with new democratic features. It has helped to speed up democratic action by enabling oppositional viewpoints, and has shifted the traditional media landscape towards greater diversity, and the possibility of changing the government in power. The thesis uses Malaysia's 2008 General Election (GE2008) as the case study to illustrate the power of Malaysiakini.com, particularly at election times. Malaysia's GE2008 almost caused the defeat of the Barisan Nasional (BN), which had been in power for fifty one years. With a less than two-thirds majority in the Federal Parliament, it lost five out of the thirteen states to the Opposition, Pakatan Rakyat (PR). It will be shown that the Internet's impact in Malaysia is partly caused by the raised expectations of the 'Internet Election' era, where electoral conduct in some countries during the period of 2004-2010 was impacted by greater Internet access. As the national elections in the US (2004, 2008), UK (2010), and Singapore (2006) were called 'Internet Elections', Malaysian commentators used the same term about GE2008. This claim is discussed in this thesis through comparison. The thesis also argues that the popular success of Malaysiakini.com led mainstream media journalists to rethink news-gathering practices and that the competitive nature of, for example, Malaysiakini.com's use of trained citizen journalists and networking with NGOs that was used to help produce the news. The thesis uses the concept of informationalism to discuss the emerging forms of news production, which transformed people from being simply INP consumers to becoming active information distributors. Further, the thesis argues that Malaysiakini.com enabled greater political participation and focussed opposition to government; and that Malaysiakini.com's roles as a site of resistance, and its pastoral power have helped to increase Malaysians' political engagement through active online participation and political activities. The thesis methods are qualitative: It uses textual analysis of Malaysiakini.com's news and a selected mainstream media online news website, Utusanmalaysia.com, to provide evidence of the INP's influence. In-depth interviews with media practitioners and other observers of the 2008 election period (scholars, NGO representatives and policy makers), identify a range of key perspectives on Internet regulation, major differences in news reporting, the key issues of public concern, and judgements on the INP. The thesis concludes that Malaysiakini.com played a significant role in generating democratic elements in Malaysia during GE2008. Post-election, mainstream media news reporting changed to reflect the INP's; challenges the ruling government were generated by a new network, the Third Force (consisting of middle class, Opposition parties, youth and university students, NGOs and civil society movement); and the government became more aware of issues to do with 'the rise of the people'.
Effective administration of government and governmental organizations is a crucial part of achieving success in those organizations. To develop and implement best practices, policymakers and leaders must first understand the fundamental tenants and recent advances in public administration. Public Affairs and Administration: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications explores the concept of governmental management, public policy, and politics at all levels of organizational governance. With chapters on topics ranging from privacy and surveillance to the impact of new media on political participation, this multi-volume reference work is an important resource for policymakers, government officials, and academicians and students of political science.
Political sociology is a large and expanding field with many new developments, and The New Handbook of Political Sociology supplies the knowledge necessary to keep up with this exciting field. Written by a distinguished group of leading scholars in sociology, this volume provides a survey of this vibrant and growing field in the new millennium. The Handbook presents the field in six parts: theories of political sociology, the information and knowledge explosion, the state and political parties, civil society and citizenship, the varieties of state policies, and globalization and how it affects politics. Covering all subareas of the field with both theoretical orientations and empirical studies, it directly connects scholars with current research in the field. A total reconceptualization of the first edition, the new handbook features nine additional chapters and highlights the impact of the media and big data.