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What are the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act1s effects on the market for terrorism insurance? What would be the effect of enhancing provisions for nuclear, biological, chemical, and radiological (NBCR) attacks? The authors conclude that the program yields positive outcomes in a number of dimensions for conventional attacks and identify specific reforms that can improve results for NBCR attacks.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, caused tremendous loss of life, property, and income, and the resulting response from public and private organizations was unprecedented. This monograph examines the benefits received by those who were killed or seriously injured on 9/11 and the benefits provided to individuals and businesses in New York City that suffered losses from the attack on the World Trade Center. The authors examine the performance of the compensation system--insurance, tort, government programs, and charity--in responding to the losses stemming from 9/11.
Policymakers have become increasingly concerned in recent years about the possibility of future maritime terrorist attacks. Though the historical occurrence of such attacks has been limited, recognition that maritime vessels and facilities may be particularly vulnerable to terrorism has galvanized concerns. In addition, some plausible maritime attacks could have very significant consequences, in the form of mass casualties, severe property damage, and attendant disruption of commerce. Understanding the nature of maritime terrorism risk requires an investigation of threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences associated with potential attacks, as grounded both by relevant historical data and by intelligence on the capabilities and intentions of known terrorist groups. These risks also provide the context for understanding government institutions that will respond to future attacks, and particularly so with regard to the US civil justice system. In principle, civil liability operates to redistribute the harms associated with legally redressable claims, so that related costs are borne by the parties responsible for having caused them. In connection with maritime terrorism, civil liability creates that prospect that independent commercial defendants will be held responsible for damages caused by terrorist attacks. This book explores risks and U.S. civil liability rules as they may apply in the context of these types of attacks.
The Department of Homeland Security is responsible for protecting the United States from terrorism. It does so partly through the Urban Areas Security Initiative, though its distribution has been criticized for not reflecting risk. This monograph offers a practical definition of terrorism risk and a method for estimating it that addresses inherent uncertainties. It also demonstrates a framework for evaluating alternative risk estimates. Finally, it makes five recommendations for improving resource allocation.
First published in 2003, this account of the anti-terrorist measures of London's financial district and the changes in urban security after 9/11 has been revised to take into account developments in counter-terrorist security and management, particularly after the terrorist attack in London on July 7th 2005. It makes a valuable addition to the current debate on terrorism and the new security challenges facing Western nations. Drawing on the post-9/11 academic and policy literature on how terrorism is reshaping the contemporary city, this book explores the changing nature of the terrorist threat against global cities in terms of tactics and targeting, and the challenge of developing city-wide managerial measures and strategies. Also addressed is the way in which London is leading the way in developing best practice in counter-terrorist design and management, and how such practice is being internationalized.
From the outset, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act program succeeded in making terrorism insurance widely available to US businesses and local governments without jeopardizing the long-term sustainability of the insurance industry.Nearly a decade and a half later, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act remains an essential part of our national strategy for economic security and resilience in the face of terrorism. Over that time, however, knowledge of the program has steadily eroded as many who were involved in the program's early years have moved on or retired.The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act: A Practitioner's Guide assists today's insurance professional to bridge this gap through a comprehensive explanation of each of the elements of the program reinforced through practical examples. Each chapter concludes with a description of processes, controls, and testing that practitioners may consider to maximize potential recoveries under the program and build reliable evidence of compliance.
The new edition of this British Insurance Law Association (BILA)-award winning text is the definitive reference source for marine cargo insurance law. Written by an author who was closely involved with the revisions to the Institute Cargo Clauses 2009, the work expertly examines marine cargo insurance by reference to important English and foreign legal cases as well as the Marine Insurance Act 1906. Logically arranged to reflect the structure of the Institute Cargo Clauses, the most widely used standard form of cover, this text offers easy to find solutions for today’s busy practitioner. New to this edition: Completely revised to include the Insurance Act 2015 (duty of fair presentation; warranties, fraudulent claims) Brand new chapter on the revised Institute Ancillary and Trade Clauses, including those to be introduced on 1 November 2015 Increased coverage of jurisdiction and choice of law, particularly taking into account the Rome I Regulation Enhanced coverage of the issue of Constructive Total Loss Consideration of the Law Reform Commission’s proposals for the reform of insurance law, and further amendments to the Marine Insurance Act 1906. Covers latest developments in the Enterprise Bill for damages for late payment of claims Fully updated with all of the influential cases since 2009, including: The Cendor MOPU, one of the most important marine insurance cases of the last 50 years. Clothing Management v Beazley Solutions Notable hull cases such as Versloot Dredging v HDI Gerling on fraudulent devices Influential foreign cases taken from this book’s sister text, International Cargo Insurance This unique text is a one-stop resource for marine insurance lawyers handling cargo claims, and will also be of interest to students and researchers of maritime law.
Information on the types of these securities and the issues involved in their structuring, pricing, trading, and managing on a portfolio basis.