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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1904 edition. Excerpt: ... THE VICTORY WON. The quiet old city of Durham woke up to new life one summer day in 1843. The narrow streets were gay with flags, and noisy with the steps and voices of busy, hurrying men. All the misery and forced idleness in the town were forgotten for a time, though looms had been long idle, and men, women, and children were suffering hardships because there was no work to do, and bread was so dear. Bursts of music were borne upon the breeze, and echoed round the solemn cathedral tower and venerable castle walls. The sun shone on the distant hills, and sparkled on the water of the river Wear, till it seemed as if a good time might be at hand again for the old town. And truly a better day was near; for John Bright 107 had been returned member for Durham, and his large, tender heart was alive to the sorrows of the people, and the aim of his life, like that of Richard Cobden, was to be the repeal of the Corn Laws. It was not only in the House of Commons that the voices of the two friends were raised. There were times when debates on other matters went on there, and set them free; and there were seasons, too, when tired members rested from their labours, on the moors or by the sea-side. But, on such occasions, there was no rest for Richard Cobden and John Bright. In sultry sunshine, in storm and rain, they travelled over England and Scotland, holding meetings in country places, to teach the ignorant people the blessings free trade might bring. Richard Cobden had no love for public meetings. He often said it would be a great relief to him if he knew he had never to make another speech. Moreover, the claims of home life and his private business were pressing heavily on him every hour. So, great self-denial was needed in leading his...
The argument about the limits of Free Trade or Protectionism rages throughout the world to this day. Following the Repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846, free trade became one of the most distinctive defining features of the British state, and of British economic, social, and political life. Whilethe United States, much of the British Empire, and the leading European Powers turned towards protectionism before 1914, Britain alone held to a policy which had seemingly guaranteed power and prosperity. This book seeks to explain the political history of this tenacious loyalty. While the TariffReform opponents of free trade have been much studied, this is the first substantial account, based on a wide range of printed and archival sources, which explains the primacy of free trade in nineteenth- and early-twentieth century Britain. It also shows that by the centenary of the Repeal of theCorn Laws in 1946, although British free traders lamented the death of Liberal England, they heralded, under American leadership, the rebirth of the liberal international order.
Richard Cobden (1804-65) rose from humble beginnings to become the leading advocate of nineteenth-century free-trade and liberalism. As a fierce opponent of the Corn Laws and promoter of international trade he rapidly became an influential figure on the national stage, whose name became a byword for political and economic reform. Yet despite the familiarity with which contemporaries and historians refer to 'Cobdenism' his ideals and beliefs are not always easy to identify and classify in a coherent way. Indeed, as this volume makes clear, the variety, diversity and malleability of the 'Cobdenite project' attest to the lack of a strict dogma and highlight Cobden's underlying pragmatism. Divided into five sections, this collection of essays offers a timely reassessment of Cobden's career, its impact and legacy in the two hundred years since his birth. Beginning with an investigation into the intellectual and cultural background to his emergence as a national political figure, the volume then looks at Cobden's impact on the making of Victorian liberal politics. The third section examines Cobden's wider influence in Europe, particularly the impact of his tour of 1846-47 which was in many ways a defining moment not only in the making of Cobden's liberalism but in the making of liberal Europe. Section four broadens the theme of Cobden's contemporary impact, including his contribution to the debate on peace, internationalism and the American Civil War; whilst the final section opens up the theme of Cobden's contested legacy, the variety of interpretations of Cobden's ideas and their influence on late nineteenth- and twentieth-century politics. Offering a broad yet coherent investigation of the 'Cobdenite project' by leading international scholars, this volume provides a fascinating insight into one of the nineteenth century's most important figures whose ideas still resonate today.