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The words "hero" and "traitor" are at opposite ends of the spectrum. The word "hero" can be defined in an abstract or in a tangible way. Today, the word is frequently overused to describe an action or actions of a person or persons. During the American Revolutionary War the word "hero" was clearly given to someone who performed an act or acts during combat that was clearly above the normal or ordinary. Both Nathan Hale and Benedict Arnold were American Revolutionary War heroes. This thesis examines the lives of the two Americans, and their attainment of "hero" status. The problem is why does one man, Nathan Hale remain a hero today, in fact is the official hero of the state of Connecticut, while today the other man's name is synonymous with the word traitor? Both were Americans, born in Connecticut raised in strong maternal Christian homes, and both grew up twenty-three miles apart. My research centered on using secondary sources, including books and periodicals. I used empirical methods to chronologically follow the lives of the two main characters. By following this process, I attempted to demonstrate how and why one man followed the road to lasting fame, and the other the road to infamy. I present information that showed that Nathan Hale, because of his strong Christian faith and willingness to sacrifice himself became the person he was, while Arnold, sold his American birthright to the British, and promptly became one of America's greatest traitors. The actions of Benedict Arnold in either the uniform of a Colonial soldier or in the uniform of a Redcoat could have affected the outcome of the Revolutionary War. As a soldier for the Continental Army, he fought heroically, especially at the Battle of Saratoga. If Arnold had not engaged the British at Saratoga, the conclusion of the Revolutionary War might have well been different. As a traitor to the American cause, if Arnold had succeeded in turning over West Point to the British, this action might have turned the tide of the war in favor of the British. Arnold was a major player in the Revolutionary War, albeit a tragic player Nathan Hale's life, though short in time, speaks well for him. Hale was the quintessential American patriot, hero and martyr. Hale's life and his walk to the gallows seemed almost predestined. Born and raised as the favorite son of a strong Christian man and farmer, Hale did all the right things, from graduating from Yale University to teaching school in Connecticut. Among the first in his town to enlist, Hale was a favorite officer among his men, because he sincerely cared for his subordinates. Hale freely went on a spy mission behind enemy lines, which may have been unnecessary and possibly unfair to send such an inexperienced soldier to enter a clandestine world. Yet today, over two hundred twenty-five years after his death, the name Nathan Hale is remembered as a courageous hero who sacrificed his life for the new nation, soon to become the United States of America.
Students and enthusiasts of American history are familiar with the Revolutionary War spies Nathan Hale and Benedict Arnold, but few studies have closely examined the wider intelligence efforts that enabled the colonies to gain their independence. Spies, Patriots, and Traitors provides readers with a fascinating, well-documented, and highly readable account of American intelligence activities during the era of the Revolutionary War, from 1765 to 1783, while describing the intelligence sources and methods used and how our Founding Fathers learned and practiced their intelligence role. The author, a retired CIA officer, provides insights into these events from an intelligence professional’s perspective, highlighting the tradecraft of intelligence collection, counterintelligence, and covert actions and relating how many of the principles of the era’s intelligence practice are still relevant today. Kenneth A. Daigler reveals the intelligence activities of famous personalities such as Samuel Adams, George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Nathan Hale, John Jay, and Benedict Arnold, as well as many less well-known figures. He examines the important role of intelligence in key theaters of military operations, such as Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and in General Nathanael Greene’s campaign in South Carolina; the role of African Americans in the era’s intelligence activities; undertakings of networks such as the Culper Ring; and intelligence efforts and paramilitary actions conducted abroad. Spies, Patriots, and Traitors adds a new dimension to our understanding of the American Revolution. The book’s scrutiny of the tradecraft and management of Revolutionary War intelligence activities will be of interest to students, scholars, intelligence professionals, and anyone who wants to learn more about this fascinating era of American history.
With the passing of time, Benedict Arnold the traitor has overshadowed Benedict Arnold the hero. Those who know of his extraordinary sacrifices for the colonies during the American Revolution are still confounded by his defection to the British side. Fort
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Surveys the life of Nathan Hale, a Revolutionary War hero whose service to George Washington as a spy cost him his life.
Explores intelligence and espionage during the Revolutionary War, and the key role this information played in the colonies gaining their independence.
Besides reexamining in fresh perspective such well-known figures as Paul Revere, Nathan Hale, Benedict Arnold, and John André, the author, a former general staff intelligence officer in World War II, reveals the exploits and tribulations of scores of other spies: Ann Bates, the Tory agent who spied at Washington's headquarters and who, when fleeing for her life, paused to count American artillery; the high-ranking traitor Dr. Benjamin Church, the Continental Army's Director General of Hospitals, caught as a result of a careless mistress; Sergeant Major John Champe, who posed as a deserter from the rebel army in order to capture Benedict Arnold; and many others. From the plot to kidnap George Washington to the fall of Yorktown, here are the clandestine activities of the spies, counterspies, and double agents who risked life and honor in a silent, anonymous shadow war.
"Describes the dangerous missions of several Revolutionary War spies"--Provided by publisher.
Prologue: lives, interrupted -- Fathers and sons -- Moses and Phoebe -- Son of Linonia -- The unhappy misunderstanding -- More extensive public service -- A very genteel looking fellow -- The terrible crisis of my earthly fate -- Post mortem
On the Military Intelligence Branch History Reading List.