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As the popularity of New Public Management theory rose in the late 20th century, contracting out government services became a big debate. The debate is whether contracting out government services makes the government more efficient and effective of their operations. This research paper provides an extensive literature review of the history of contracting out services and the effects of this mechanism in the federal, state, and local government. The aim of this research is to provide a systematic case study of the process and effects of contracting out government services in the County of Los Angeles. Through this systematic review and analysis, this study hopes to contribute its findings of both positive and negative effects for future public administrators who will consider contracting out as an alternative tool in administrating county governments.
A study examined the issue of contracting out traditional government services and its effect on government employees. It found that local governments contract out for two principal reasons: to cut the cost of providing services and to employ specialized skills and resources unavailable within the government. Findings from a review of the privatization literature were that: (1) only about 5-10 percent of public employees affected by contracting out were laid off; (2) public assistance payments to laid-off workers were very low; (3) private contractors paid lower wages and offered lower fringe benefits; (4) contracting out was not inherently harmful to minorities or women; and (5) contracting may have a slightly positive impact on the number of available jobs. Interviews with local officials from 17 cities and counties generally confirmed these findings and indicated that very few workers were laid off as a result of contracting out and few cities had formal contracting out employment policies. Policy recommendations were as follows: (1) target new and expanded services for contracting out; (2) establish a "no layoff" policy; (3) reduce the government work force through attrition; (4) encourage government employees to form private companies to provide government services; (5) allow the city agency to compete in the bidding process; and (6) develop policies for aiding displaced public employees. (66 references) (YLB).
The Commission's official statement of position in a letter (dated Nov. 18, 1983) to California Governor George Deukmejian and the California State Legislature
First Published in 1989. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.