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This book presents a detailed introduction to the fundamental concepts, principles and processes of the field of public administration. It provides comprehensive coverage of the major topics of this diverse field. Intended primarily for undergraduate and postgraduate students of public administration and political science as well as for civil services aspirants, this book will also be a handy reference for professionals in public service and social service. The book presents an overview of the field of public administration as well as its fundamental aspects, which include the theory of administration and the nature, typology and structure of organisations. It explains the major theoretical perspectives as well as two major specialised areas of the field—public policy and development administration. It also provides an extensive presentation of the prominent aspects of the public administration and management process—span of control, coordination, communication, authority and responsibility, centralisation and decentralisation, and accountability and control.
th Welcome to the proceedings of the 10 International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA), held 20-22 September, 2010 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Intelligent Virtual Agents are interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate with humans or with each other using natural human modalities such as behavior, gesture, and speech. IVAs are capable of real-time perception, cognition, and action that allow them to participate in a dynamic physical and social environment. IVA 2010 is an interdisciplinary annual conference and the main forum for prese- ing research on modeling, developing, and evaluating Intelligent Virtual Agents with a focus on communicative abilities and social behavior. The development of IVAs - quires expertise in multimodal interaction and several AI fields such as cognitive modeling, planning, vision, and natural language processing. Computational models are typically based on experimental studies and theories of human-human and hum- robot interaction; conversely, IVA technology may provide interesting lessons for these fields. Visualizations of IVAs require computer graphics and animation te- niques, and in turn supply significant realism problem domains for these fields. The realization of engaging IVAs is a challenging task, so reusable modules and tools are of great value. The fields of application range from robot assistants, social simulation, and tutoring to games and artistic exploration. The enormous challenges and diversity of possible applications of IVAs have - sulted in an established annual conference.
To create truly effective human-centric ambient intelligence systems both engineering and computing methods are needed. This is the first book to bridge data processing and intelligent reasoning methods for the creation of human-centered ambient intelligence systems. Interdisciplinary in nature, the book covers topics such as multi-modal interfaces, human-computer interaction, smart environments and pervasive computing, addressing principles, paradigms, methods and applications. This book will be an ideal reference for university researchers, R&D engineers, computer engineers, and graduate students working in signal, speech and video processing, multi-modal interfaces, human-computer interaction and applications of ambient intelligence. Hamid Aghajan is a Professor of Electrical Engineering (consulting) at Stanford University, USA. His research is on user-centric vision applications in smart homes, assisted living / well being, smart meetings, and avatar-based social interactions. He is Editor-in-Chief of "Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments", has chaired ACM/IEEE ICDSC 2008, and organized workshops/sessions/tutorials at ECCV, ACM MM, FG, ECAI, ICASSP, CVPR. Juan Carlos Augusto is a Lecturer at the University of Ulster, UK. He is conducting research on Smart Homes and Classrooms. He has given tutorials at IJCAI'07 and AAAI'08. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Book Series on "Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments" and the "Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments". He has co-Chaired ICOST'06, AITAmI'06/07/08, and is Workshops Chair for IE'09. Ramón López-Cózar Delgado is a Professor at the Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications of the University of Granada, Spain. His research interests include speech recognition and understanding, dialogue management and Ambient Intelligence. He is a member of ISCA (International Speech Communication Association), SEPLN (Spanish Society on Natural Language Processing) and AIPO (Spanish Society on HCI). - Integrates engineering and computing methods that are essential for designing and implementing highly effective ambient intelligence systems - Contains contributions from the world's leading experts in academia and industry - Gives a complete overview of the principles, paradigms and applications of human-centric ambient intelligence systems
The Social Psychology of Behaviour in Small Groups covers theories of group behaviour and their application in organizational psychology. Topics include the structure and formation of groups and the roles that individuals play within groups, as well as more applied areas such as co-operation and conflict, teamwork, leadership and decision-making in small groups. Throughout the book theory, research and concepts are applied to real-life and everyday social behaviour. The book is well illustrated and includes many mental exercises to engage the reader. Donald Pennington has provided a lively, accessible and systematic text suitable for undergraduates studying social psychology and those studying organizational psychology on psychology and business studies courses.
Organizational psychology is the science of psychology applied to work and organizations. It is a field of inquiry that spans more than a century and covers an increasingly diverse range of topics as the nature of work continues to evolve. The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Psychology provides a comprehensive treatment of key topics that capture the broad sweep of organizational psychology. It features contributions by 69 leading scholars who provide cutting-edge reviews, conceptual integration, and directions for future research. The 42 chapters of the handbook are organized into 10 major sections spanning two volumes, including such topics imperative to the field as: - the core processes of work motivation, job attitudes and affect, and performance that underlie behavior at work - phenomena that assimilate, shape, and develop employees (i.e. socialization, networks, and leadership) - the challenges of managing differences within and across organizations, covering the topics of diversity, discrimination, and cross-cultural psychology - the powerful influence of technology on the nature of work and work processes This landmark two-volume set rigorously compiles knowledge in organizational psychology to date and looks ahead with a roadmap for the future of the field.
The troubles that have bedeviled modern societies on the global scale are caused by leadership failure. Focused leadership is critical in promoting peace in society, enhancing organizational cohesion and meaningful organizational life, and achieving the goals of an organization. The importance of leadership and the indispensable role it plays in the overall health and well-being of organizations is well-known and cannot be underestimated. It is imperative that people understand what leadership is and apply its essentials to steer, inspire, and guide organizations for success and competitiveness in the global market. As a masterful compendium, the Essentials of Leadership is written to guide and lead people, including practicing and prospective leaders to a better understanding of what leadership is. In so doing, the book explains the concept of leadership, how it is related to management, their differences and similarities. the book takes a comprehensive look at various leadership theories, leadership skills and the key functions of leaders. This book takes a comprehensive look at various leadership theories, leadership skills, and the key functions of leaders.
In this groundbreaking handbook, more than 60 internationally respected authorities explore the interface between intelligence and personality by bringing together a wide range of potential integrative links drawn from theory, research, measurements, and applications.