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The world’s population is growing rapidly and consequently, there is an increasing demand for high-quality and safe food. At the same time, agricultural areas are diminishing due to industrialization, among other factors. Therefore, the efficiency of animal production needs to be improved. This book examines animal nutrition and ways to improve it. Topics covered include the use of feed additives in poultry nutrition, silage in dairy cattle nutrition, plant-origin feed additives in water buffalo nutrition, microbial inoculation in dairy cow nutrition, and more.
In the last 20 years, there has been a remarkable emergence of innovations and technological advances that are generating promising changes and opportunities for sustainable agriculture, yet at the same time the agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges. Not only is the agricultural sector expected to produce adequate food, fiber, and feed, and contribute to biofuels to meet the needs of a rising global population, it is expected to do so under increasingly scarce natural resources and climate change. Growing awareness of the unintended impacts associated with some agricultural production practices has led to heightened societal expectations for improved environmental, community, labor, and animal welfare standards in agriculture. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century assesses the scientific evidence for the strengths and weaknesses of different production, marketing, and policy approaches for improving and reducing the costs and unintended consequences of agricultural production. It discusses the principles underlying farming systems and practices that could improve the sustainability. It also explores how those lessons learned could be applied to agriculture in different regional and international settings, with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. By focusing on a systems approach to improving the sustainability of U.S. agriculture, this book can have a profound impact on the development and implementation of sustainable farming systems. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century serves as a valuable resource for policy makers, farmers, experts in food production and agribusiness, and federal regulatory agencies.
The 20th century has seen improvements in both public health and disease prevention which, in turn, have had a dramatic impact on our lives. Success in preventing infection by vaccination and treating infection with antibiotics led some to believe that infectious disease was a thing of the past. However, the adaptability of pathogens and the emergence of new diseases has presented microbiologists with a fresh set of challenges as we enter the new millennium. While celebrating past successes and highlighting developing problems, this volume aims to address some of the issues facing microbiologists in the future. Covering a wide range of topics, it will provide an invaluable resource for microbiologists and an excellent reference for advanced students.
Now in its sixth edition, Poultry Diseases is once again fully revised with the addition of vital new material. It remains the standard reference work on health and disease for those involved in the poultry industry, government and veterinary education. Following a familiar structure, readers of the sixth edition gain concise but major reviews on current knowledge of general and disease-specific topics discussed over 45 (5 new) chapters in seven sections. With a large international team of contributors led by an authoritative editor team and a Foreword by Professor Frank Jordan, Poultry Diseases is an invaluable resource for the practicing veterinarian, poultry inspector, agricultural manager or veterinary student. - Covers common and rarer diseases found in all species of poultry (including chickens, ducks,turkeys, game birds and guinea-fowl). - Each chapter outside the General Overview section identifies clearly Epidemiology, ClinicalSigns and Differential Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Control. Systems chaptersdiscuss disorders of selected body systems in detail, leading to differential diagnosis of thespecific disorder - Comprehensive Appendices of Useful Data, Glossary of Terms, and Lists of diseases specific toTurkeys and Ducks (cross-referenced to the disease organisms in the main text) - Worldwide coverage from a recognized international team of editors and contributors - 5 new chapters and major chapter revisions on biosecurity in poultry management; avian influenza; legislation and poultry welfare - New contributors and 2 new prominent editors make up a 4 strong editorial team - Two color format with over 60 2-colour illustrations highlights key information - Viral chapters now include information on zoonoses
Economies in the Caribbean and all over the world are grappling with the consequences of globalisation and the accompanying changes in the rules of international trade, including loss of preferential markets and erosion of preferences. This has resulted in increasing global competition for traditional products from these economies, a situation compounded by rising energy costs and accompanying negative social ills such as unemployment, rising criminality, health and educational challenges, and the like. Besides, many of these economies are facing a serious threat from climate change and the accompanying environmental problems. What are realistic socio-economic development options for The Bahamas, given the policy space now available to its government? In this era of neoliberal globalisation, however, we would find that there has been little of worth contributed to the concrete task of working out thorough strategies and consistent policies (i.e., the local response) for coping with these socio-economic problems in The Bahamas. Indeed, it is surprising how little attention has been paid to developing rational strategies and policies aimed at providing a planning frame to deal with the multi-dimensional problems of the Bahamian underdevelopment. The edited volume The Bahamas in the 21st Century seeks to answer questions like these and to offer concrete policy recommendations while engaging scholars, policy makers, professionals, students, and all persons interested in the burning issues associated with this theme.
Why has the chicken become the meat par excellence, the most plentifully eaten and popular animal protein in the world, consumed from Beijing to Barcelona? As renowned historian Paul Josephson shows, the story of the chicken's rise involves a whole host of factors; from art, to nineteenth-century migration patterns to cold-war geopolitics. And whereas sheep needed too much space, or the cow was difficult to transport, these compact, lightweight birds produced relatively little waste, were easy to transport and could happily peck away in any urban back garden. Josephson tells this story from all sides: the transformation of the chicken from backyard scratcher to hyper-efficient industrial meat-product has been achieved due to the skill of entrepreneurs who first recognized the possibilities of chicken meat and the gene scientists who bred the plumpest and most fertile birds. But it has also been forced through by ruthless capitalists and lobbyists for “big farmer”, at the expense of animal welfare and the environment. With no sign of our lust for chicken abating, we're now reaching a crisis point: billions of birds are slaughtered every year, after having lived lives that are nasty, brutish and short. The waste from these victims is polluting rivers and poisoning animals. We’re now plunging “egg-first” into environmental disaster. Alongside this story Josephson tells another, of an animal with endearing characteristics who, arguably, can lay claim to being man’s best friend long before the dog reared its snout or the cat came in from the cold. Lionized in medieval romances and modern cartoons, the chicken’s relationship to humanity runs deep; by treating these animals as mere food products, we become less than human.