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Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, the seventh Marquess of Londonderry has long been a divisive figure in British aristocratic history. Was he an anti-Semitic Nazi sympathizer, as some have argued, or a visionary who should be remembered in glory for his role in the creation of RAF Spitfires and Hurricanes during World War II? In the paperback edition of Lord Londonderry, N.C Fleming answers this question and more. This updated edition draws extensively from private Londonderry family papers and state papers, as well as existing secondary literature, to provide an illuminating biography of Londonderry. This book has been updated with additional primary source research to reveal details about Londonderry House, Londonderry's travels and his radical right-wing beliefs as well as his infamous anti-Semitism. Lord Londonderry examines his disastrous diplomatic visits during the war, which seriously damaged his credibility at home, alongside his achievements in the Royal Air force to provide a comprehensive biography of the Marquess. Fleming also studies the tumultuous period of aristocratic decline set against a backdrop of growing calls for social equality, to show how this Conservative MP held onto his power in the changing social climate of post-war Britain. Here, Fleming has revised and updated his biography of Lord Londonderry to remove the shadow that Londonderry's association with Nazi Germany has cast over his career. In doing so, he provides an analysis of private family papers while also providing an extensive case study into the historiography of aristocracy.
Hardly is a figure more maligned in British history than Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh. One of the central figures of the Napoleonic Era and the man primarily responsible for fashioning Britain's strategy at the Congress of Vienna, Castlereagh was widely respected by the great powers of Europe and America, yet despised by his countrymen and those he sought to serve. A shrewd diplomat, he is credited with being one of the first great practitioners of Realpolitik and its cold-eyed and calculating view of the relations between nations. Over the course of his career, he crushed an Irish rebellion and abolished the Irish parliament, imprisoned his former friends, created the largest British army in history, and redrew the map of Europe. Today, Castlereagh is largely forgotten except as a tyrant who denied the freedoms won by the French and American revolutions. John Bew's fascinating biography restores the statesman to his place in history, offering a nuanced picture of a shy, often inarticulate figure whose mind captured the complexity of the European Enlightenment unlike any other. Bew tells a gripping story, beginning with the Year of the French, when Napoleon sent troops in support of a revolution in Ireland, and traces Castlereagh's evolution across the Napoleonic Wars, the diplomatic power struggles of 1814-15, and eventually the mental breakdown that ended his life. Skillfully balancing the dimensions of Castlereagh's intellectual life with his Irish heritage, Bew's definitive work brings Castleragh alive in all his complexity, variety, and depth.
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This book represents, on the one hand , the fulfilment of a long-cherished hope; on the other, an act of tardy expiation. The crime for which expiation is offered is partly collective. The reproach which lies on historians at large is considered in the Prologue. The personal crime can be confessed only through the more intimate medium of a Preface. More than thirty years ago I published a little book on George Canning (John Murray, 1903) in which I did less than justice to Castlereagh. The error was not peculier to me, and might perhaps be regarded as venial in a budding politician and inexperienced historian, who had spent some of the happiest evenings of his Oxford life in the famous club dedicated to Mr. Canning's memory. Yet all these years it has lain heavy on a conscience too tender perhaps for an active participant in politics. That participation combined with other circumstances to delay the expiation even now inadequately made. But, however inadequate, it cannot safely be deferred much longer.