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For years, the so-called better-war school of thought has argued that the United States built a legitimate and viable non-Communist state in South Vietnam in the latter years of the Vietnam War and that it was only the military abandonment of this state that brought down the Republic of Vietnam. But Andrew J. Gawthorpe, through a detailed and incisive analysis, shows that, in fact, the United States failed in its efforts at nation building and had not established a durable state in South Vietnam. Drawing on newly opened archival collections and previously unexamined oral histories with dozens of U.S. military officers and government officials, To Build as Well as Destroy demonstrates that the United States never came close to achieving victory in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Gawthorpe tells a story of policy aspirations and practical failures that stretches from Washington, D.C., to the Vietnamese villages in which the United States implemented its nationbuilding strategy through the Office of Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support known as CORDS. Structural factors that could not have been overcome by the further application of military power thwarted U.S. efforts to build a viable set of non-Communist political, economic, and social institutions in South Vietnam. To Build as Well as Destroy provides the most comprehensive account yet of the largest and best-resourced nation-building program in U.S. history. Gawthorpe's analysis helps contemporary policy makers, diplomats, and military officers understand the reasons for this failure. At a moment in time when American strategists are grappling with military and political challenges in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria, revisiting the historical lessons of Vietnam is a worthy endeavor.
This monumental narrative clarifies, analyses and demystifies the terrible ordeal of the Vietnam war. Free of ideological bias, profound in its understanding and compassionate in its portrayal of humanity, it is filled with fresh revelations drawn from secret documents and from exclusive interviews with the participants - French, American, Vietnamese, Chinese: diplomats, military commanders, high government officials, journalists, nurses, workers and soldiers. The Vietnam war was the most convulsive tragedy of recent times. This is its definitive history.
This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.
The Bridge Generation of Vietnam: Spanning Wartime to Boomtime is a compilation of profiles and essays relating to three critical time periods in Vietnam's recent history. The focus is on a group of people who grew up during wartime, lived through a devastating period of famine and hunger, and are now leading the country in its economic boom. We divided these experiences into three parts, mirroring the time periods. Part 1, War, includes experiences during the American War, as well as the conflicts with Cambodia and China which lasted into the 1980s. Part 2, Hunger, focuses on the subsidy period, from 1975 until 1986, but continued mostly until the end of the 1980s. Part 3, Launch, spans the time from the official start of Doi Moi, or economic renovation, when the country began to shift toward a market economy, to the present. Although it began officially in 1986, Doi Moi's impact started to take major effect toward the mid 1990s and beyond.
"The primary theme of this work is the enduring spirit of the Vietnamese. The author's focus is on the Vietnamese people and their social, political, economic, and religious structures. More than any other Southeast Asian country, Vietnam experienced multiple intrusive and lengthy periods of colonial rule by foreign powers; yet, Vietnam should be understood and defined by its indigenous social patterns. So, while the book clearly delineates the influences of France, Japan, and the United States on Vietnamese society, these foreign influences remain the "thin, flaking glaze" over what is an indomitable spirit of the Vietnamese indigenous culture. The mid 1970s end of the Vietnam War was in many ways a beginning for a unified Vietnam. Failed policies during the last quarter of the twentieth century trapped Vietnam in a cycle of poverty and foreign wars. Its economic emergence at the start of the twenty-first century is just one more testimony to the resilience of the Vietnamese"--
Describes and analyzes Vietnam1s political, economic, social and national security systems and institutions and the interrelationships of those systems and the ways they are shaped by cultural factors. Also covers people1s origins, dominant beliefs and values, their common interests and issues on which they are divided, the nature and extent of their involvement with national institutions and their attitudes toward each other and toward their social system and political order. 19 maps and photos.
What Americans call the Vietnam War actually began in December 1946 with a struggle between the communists and the French for possession of the country--but Vietnam's strategic position in southeast Asia inevitably led to the involvement of other countries. Written by an officer in the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, this poignant memoir seeks to clarify the nuances of South Vietnam's defeat. From the age of 12, Van Nguyen Duong watched as the conflict affected his home, family, village and friends. He discusses not only the day-to-day hardships of wartime but his postwar forced relocation and eventual imprisonment. A special focus is on the anguish caused by the illusive reality of Vietnamese independence. The political forces at work north and south, the hardships suffered by RVNAF soldiers after the 1975 U.S. withdrawal, and the effects of reunification on the Vietnamese people are discussed.