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In December 1961, Indian Troops Marched Into Goa Putting An End To Over 450 Years Of Portuguese Rule, The Longest Spell Of Colonialism On The Subcontinent, And Goa Became Part Of The Indian Union. In Popular Imagination, However, Goa Has Remained A Place Not Quite India, And Stereotypes About Goa And Goans Abound. Maria Aurora Couto S Unique Blend Of Biography, Memoir And Social History Brings Us The Goa Behind The Beaches And Booze Culture That Is Projected For The Tourist And Which Has Unfortunately Come To Define Goa For The Vast Majority Outside The State. Starting With An Account Of The Immediate Aftermath Of Liberation, Couto Goes Back And Forth In Time To Examine The Fundamental Transformations In Goan Society From 1510, When Afonso De Albuquerque Conquered Goa, Up To The Present. Drawing Upon The Experiences Of Her Own Family And Those Of Others, Both Hindu And Catholic, She Writes Of The Influences That Have Touched All Goans The Luso-Indian Culture; Conversion And The Inquisition; Political And Cultural Changes In Europe Such As The French Revolution And The Ideals Of Republicanism; Folk Traditions, Music And The Konkani Language; And, Ultimately, Freedom And Integration With India. In The Process She Reveals How Goa, Which Combines The Best Of Traditional And Cosmopolitan Lifestyles, Has Evolved Into India S Twenty-First-Century Model Of Economic Development And Communal Harmony. Written With Sensitivity, Insight And Scholarship, Goa: A Daughter S Story Is At Once Expansive And Intimate: A Moving Narrative About Home, The Village And The World, In Which The Author Crosses The Boundaries Between History And Memory, Truth And Imagination, To Evoke Personal And Community Experience. It Is As Much An Appraisal Of Goa S Past As It Is An Examination Of Its Present And A Vision For Its Future.
With the liberation of Goa, Daman and Diu from the Portuguese, the people of these territories entered once again into the mainstream of Indian society. Goa now has the dual task of breaking from the bleak past and of participating in the process of nation-building and economic development. Professor R.N. Saksena attempts in this book some aspects of the problem of emotional and national integration of the Goans. The study was sponsored by RPC, Planning Commission. It is based on the analysis of considerable secondary data and of the responses obtained from a sample of 1200 persons drawn from Old Goa and New Conquests. Professor Saksena examines the questions related to language, economic reforms, political participation, and merger. In doing so he makes use of history, aggregate data, and people’s responses to a battery of attitude questions. It emerges from his analysis that while Konkani was recommended as the state language in preference to Portuguese, a majority favoured Hindi as the national language. As medium of instruction, both Marathi and Konkani have received greater support than English. A favourable response to governmental programmes of economic reform, high rate of political participation, and a majority support for Hindi as national language are indicative of Goa’s commitment to secular and democratic ideals of Indian polity. While accepting the new status within the Indian Union, Goans are keen to retain their identity as a separate state and forge ahead on the path of development. The book affirms that Goans have entered into the mainstream.
The subject of the liberation of Goa in 1961 and its integration into the Indian Union in 1962 is sparsely understood at best and misunderstood at worst. What were the events that led to the thirtysixhour military operationpossibly the first since Independence that occurred entirely at India's initiative? What was the political climate within Goa? What role did Goans themselves play? In this gripping account, former journalist Valmiki Faleiro covers a wide canvas in detail, including the entire story of Operation Vijay, the events that preceded it and those that followed. The diplomatic efforts, the arguments, the runup, the buildup, the actual ops and their aftermath in Goa, within India and internationallyall of it is vividly related in this nuanced telling. Faleiro lucidly outlines the prevailing political atmosphere and its changing character, the part played by indigenous independence movements and freedom fighters leading to the liberation of Goa, and the impact of its consequent assimilation into India. Extensively researched and extremely wellwritten, Goa, 1961 is a seminal book on an important subject and a mustread for anyone interested in Indian history.
Goa features in academic and popular discourse as a place of exceptions, contrary in several ways to national trends. Along with its small geographical size, Goa’s legacy of Portuguese colonialism is often cited as the leading reason behind its character. However, such explanations disregard its complex history and fail to address one of its most important distinctions: the fact that it brought to power in the Assembly elections of 1963, a government driven by the Bahujan Samaj; the first of its kind in India. This government was headed by Chief Minister Dayanand Bandodkar, a lower caste mine owner and philanthropist, whose popularity continued to wax over the next decade. Parag D. Parobo tackles the question of Goan exceptionalism in India’s First Democratic Revolution, focusing not solely on its Portuguese past, but rather on the variety of influences that shaped modern Goa. Central to this issue are the comparatively little explored story of caste-based land and power relations in pre-colonial and early colonial Goa; emerging caste movements and identity politics among both upper castes and lower castes in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; and the interactions of caste politics with competing colonialisms, both Portuguese and British. Parobo traces the history of land relations and caste movements into the post-Liberation period of Bandodkar’s far-reaching land reforms, which destroyed the centrality of land in power-privilege relations, liberated lower caste tenants from crippling dependence on landlords, and opened up new employment opportunities for the Bahujan. Accompanied by substantial investments in education and health, they ushered in greater equity and democratisation. Goa, therefore, scripted a distinctive story of Bahujan success. This volume explores that history, and its implications for Bahujan politics in India.