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In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) brought numerous lawsuits against directors and officers of failed banks asserting that they had breached their fiduciary duty of care. Under state corporate law, duty of care claims arise in different contexts, and courts often apply different standards of liability depending upon the context of the claim. In the banking setting, the standard of liability for breach of the duty of care is governed by the federal statute FIRREA and the Supreme Court's decision in Atherton v. FDIC. In Atherton, the Court held that FIRREA allows the FDIC to sue directors and officers of failed banks under either a federal gross negligence standard or any applicable state law standard that imposes liability for less culpable conduct.This Article integrates the academic literature on the duty of care in the general corporate setting with the literature on the duty of care in the banking setting. After discussing how duty of care claims are treated in each setting, the Article makes four primary assertions.First, just as duty of care actions under state corporate law arise in different contexts, so too do duty of care actions in the banking setting.Second, because the standard of liability can vary depending upon the context, it is often a misleading oversimplification to frame the banker liability debate in any particular jurisdiction as a binary choice between negligence and gross negligence.Third, because duty of care liability is more nuanced than negligence versus gross negligence, the application of FIRREA and Atherton to duty of care claims in the banking setting is more complicated than commentators have appreciated.Finally, FDIC guidelines that ignore context and suggest a nationwide standard of liability are inaccurate. The FDIC should update its guidelines to accurately reflect both the law and the FDIC's litigation practices.
Bank Directors', Officers', and Lawyers' Civil Liabilities, Second Edition is an essential resource for any attorney who is litigating or attempting to settle cases brought by the federal and state banking regulators against directors, officers, and legal counsel of financial institutions. It provides current analysis of the new law emerging from the courts, the Supreme Court's landmark decision in O'Melveny and& Myers v. FDIC and the demise of the federal common law regarding failed financial institutions. Directors' and officers' liability insurance and bank fidelity bonds are also covered in detail. John K. Villa guides you through the complexities of litigating an action - and discusses ways to reduce the chances of litigation - with strategic recommendations for all key players. This authoritative treatise answers essential questions such as: When is a bank director indemnified? How is the statute of limitations applied? What added responsibilities does a lawyer assume by becoming a bank director; does federal or state law control? What are acceptable courses of conduct for the bank? What must agencies prove before a court will enforce an administrative subpoena for financial data? How does the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 affect those banks that constitute a public company?
Bank Directors', Officers', and Lawyers' Civil Liabilities, Third Edition is an essential resource for any attorney who is litigating or attempting to settle cases brought by the federal and state banking regulators against directors, officers, and legal counsel of financial institutions. It provides current analysis of the new law emerging from the courts, the Supreme Court's landmark decision in O'Melveny & Myers v. FDIC and the demise of the federal common law regarding failed financial institutions. Directors' and officers' liability insurance and bank fidelity bonds are also covered in detail. John K. Villa guides you through the complexities of litigating an action - and discusses ways to reduce the chances of litigation - with strategic recommendations for all key players. This authoritative treatise answers essential questions such as: When is a bank director indemnified? How is the statute of limitations applied? What added responsibilities does a lawyer assume by becoming a bank director; does federal or state law control? What are acceptable courses of conduct for the bank? What must agencies prove before a court will enforce an administrative subpoena for financial data? How does the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 affect those banks that constitute a public company? New developments analyzed in the Third Edition include: Updated guidance from the banking regulatory agencies on implementing effective Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering compliance programs. Updated regulations on the application of the Volcker Rule. Recent ethics opinions addressing the nature and extent of a lawyer's duty with respect to the return of a client's files. An attorney's liability as a joint tortfeasor for participating in another's breach of fiduciary duty. Updated guidance on the imposition of firm-wide penalties in enforcement actions and on capital requirements for community banking entities. New case law addressing issues under the Delaware indemnification statute. Note: Online subscriptions are for three-month periods.
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal principles and responsibilities governing the duties and liabilities of bank directors. The author covers important topics such as the duties of care and loyalty, the legal consequences of breaching those duties, and the defenses available to directors. The book also examines recent case law and provides a critical evaluation of the development of the law of bank director liability. This book is an essential reference for bank lawyers, academics, and students of law. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
This book discusses how directors and officers can limit and protect against personal liability for corporate acts. Conflict of interest, class actions, liability of third persons, SEC regulatory actions, indemnification and contribution, and other relevant issues are addressed in the work.