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Multinational companies have learnt through bitter experience that cultural differences can be very damaging in terms of bad communication, high staff turnover and low morale. In recent years research has shed light on the scale of the problem, and it is now widely recognised that cultural differences can severely undermine business performance. The Culture Factor examines why it is that cultural differences engender such difficulties and looks at the different kinds of cultural costs associated with international business. Through identifying the organisational processes that lead to classic 'cultural problems', the book shows in a practical way how businesses can manage cultural difference more effectively.
Businesses rely heavily on their culture to ensure sustainable success, and company culture is invariably influenced by national values. In an era of global hypercompetition, knowing the overall values that guide one’s business ventures is crucial, as it allows for the greater understanding of other businesses and how they operate. Cultural Factors and Performance in 21st Century Businesses is a pivotal reference source that examines the relationship between culture and trade. Covering a broad range of topics including ethics, economic geography, and socialization theory, this book examines cultures around the world and their intersection with trade. This publication is ideally designed for executives, managers, entrepreneurs, social scientists, policymakers, academicians, researchers, and students.
Transcultural management ; Management styles ; Intercultural communication.
Clustering countries by their position on Hofstede's cultural dimensions reduce complexity and make the influence of culture visible and tangible to leaders and managers working in diverse cultural settings. The combination of the dimensions yields a wealth of new insights that can be summarized in a 'typology of national culture' - the so-called Mental Images of culture. This typology enables managers to analyze the likely effects of management techniques and employment policies in different national contexts and can aid managers to modify or replace these techniques where they may be dysfunctional or counterproductive.
This book studies the impact of cultural factors on the course of military innovations. One would expect that countries accustomed to similar technologies would undergo analogous changes in their perception of and approach to warfare. However, the intellectual history of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) in Russia, the US, and Israel indicates the opposite. The US developed technology and weaponry for about a decade without reconceptualizing the existing paradigm about the nature of warfare. Soviet 'new theory of victory' represented a conceptualization which chronologically preceded technological procurement. Israel was the first to utilize the weaponry on the battlefield, but was the last to develop a conceptual framework that acknowledged its revolutionary implications. Utilizing primary sources that had previously been completely inaccessible, and borrowing methods of analysis from political science, history, anthropology, and cognitive psychology, this book suggests a cultural explanation for this puzzling transformation in warfare. The Culture of Military Innovation offers a systematic, thorough, and unique analytical approach that may well be applicable in other perplexing strategic situations. Though framed in the context of specific historical experience, the insights of this book reveal important implications related to conventional, subconventional, and nonconventional security issues. It is therefore an ideal reference work for practitioners, scholars, teachers, and students of security studies.
Culture, Leadership, and Organizations reports the results of a ten-year research program, the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) research program. GLOBE is a long-term program designed to conceptualize, operationalize, test, and validate a cross-level integrated theory of the relationship between culture and societal, organizational, and leadership effectiveness. A team of 160 scholars worked together since 1994 to study societal culture, organizational culture, and attributes of effective leadership in 62 cultures. Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies reports the findings of the first two phases of GLOBE. The book is primarily based on the results of the survey of over 17,000 middle managers in three industries: banking, food processing, and telecommunications, as well as archival measures of country economic prosperity and the physical and psychological well-being of the cultures studied. GLOBE has several distinguishing features. First, it is truly a cross-cultural research program. The constructs were defined, conceptualized, and operationalized by the multicultural team of researchers. Second, the industries were selected through a polling of the country investigators, and the instruments were designed with the full participation of the researchers representing the different cultures. Finally, the data in each country were collected by investigators who were either natives of the cultures studied or had extensive knowledge and experience in that culture. A unique feature of this book is that while it is an edited book and many experts have written the different chapters, unlike other edited books, it is a fully integrated, seamless, and cohesive book covering the many aspects of the theory underpinning the GLOBE.
'The publication of this second edition of Culture's Consequences marks an important moment in the field of cross-cultural studies . Hofstede's framework for understanding national differences has been one of the most influential and widely used frameworks in cross-cultural business studies, in the past ten years' - Australian Journal of Management
The Five-Factor Model Across Cultures was designed to further an understanding of the interrelations between personality and culture by examining the dominant paradigm for personality assessment - the Five-Factor Model or FFM - in a wide variety of cultural contexts. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research and theory about personality traits and culture that is extremely relevant to personality psychologists, cross-cultural psychologists, and psychological anthropologists.