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A detailed history of a vitally important year in Alabama history The year 1865 is critically important to an accurate understanding of Alabama's present. In 1865 Alabama: From Civil War to Uncivil Peace Christopher Lyle McIlwain Sr. examines the end of the Civil War and the early days of Reconstruction in the state and details what he interprets as strategic failures of Alabama's political leadership. The actions, and inactions, of Alabamians during those twelve months caused many self-inflicted wounds that haunted them for the next century. McIlwain recounts a history of missed opportunities that had substantial and reverberating consequences. He focuses on four factors: the immediate and unconditional emancipation of the slaves, the destruction of Alabama's remaining industrial economy, significant broadening of northern support for suffrage rights for the freedmen, and an acute and lengthy postwar shortage of investment capital. Each element proves critically important in understanding how present-day Alabama was forged. Relevant events outside Alabama are woven into the narrative, including McIlwain's controversial argument regarding the effect of Lincoln's assassination. Most historians assume that Lincoln favored black suffrage and that he would have led the fight to impose that on the South. But he made it clear to his cabinet members that granting suffrage rights was a matter to be decided by the southern states, not the federal government. Thus, according to McIlwain, if Lincoln had lived, black suffrage would not have been the issue it became in Alabama. McIlwain provides a sifting analysis of what really happened in Alabama in 1865 and why it happened--debunking in the process the myth that Alabama's problems were unnecessarily brought on by the North. The overarching theme demonstrates that Alabama's postwar problems were of its own making. They would have been quite avoidable, he argues, if Alabama's political leadership had been savvier.
Reprint of the sole edition. Originally published: Chicago: Callaghan & Company, 1901. Useful for its early twentieth-century Northern perspective, Volumes I and II relate the framing and adoption of the Constitution and the first ten amendments. Volume III recounts the history of the Civil War amendments. Francis Newton Thorpe [1857-1926] was a Professor of American Constitutional History at the University of Pennsylvania and the author of numerous works including The Spoils of Empire (1903), The Civil War: The National View (1906) and The Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws of the State, Territories, and Colonies Now or Heretofore Forming the United States of America (1909). "The account of the formation and adoption of the Constitution and the early amendments is very complete. The votes in the Constitutional Convention are carefully recorded, the debates there and in the ratifying conventions fully summarized, and the sources of each provision noted. The same method is pursued with all the amendments." --H.L.B., Harvard Law Review 14 (1900-01) 553