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An in-depth study of how members of Congress work together to create policy in a polarized legislature.
Is there a benefit to working well with others in Congress? Many of the bills introduced are written not only by the single member listed as its sponsor, but by a coalition of representatives who have worked together to author mutually agreeable language. Similarly, members frequently collaborate with colleagues in writing policy letters, running caucuses, and hosting events. Yet there is very little understanding of the nature of these relationships, or how members of Congress benefit from them, as data availability has limited the ability of legislative politics scholars to estimate their impact. Using a unique dataset of Dear Colleague letters, which are an essential communication tool in the modern Congress, I identify the members who collaborate on policy initiatives in a substantive manner. I use these data to map the policy collaboration network of the House of Representatives to answer three key questions that will greatly improve our understanding of congressional behavior and the legislative process: 1) How do members of Congress choose their collaborative partners? 2) What are the legislative benefits of collaboration? 3) What are the electoral benefits of collaboration? The first question is addressed using a temporal exponential random graph model (TERGM) that allows me to consider the policy collaboration network for each Congress in its entirety and examine the endogenous and exogenous factors that lead members to working with each other. I find evidence of several distinctive patterns, including a strong tendency towards bipartisan collaboration in a highly polarized Congress, an overall inclination towards collaboration where there are shared constituencies, and a network where personal relationships and reputations are key. The second essay examines the legislative benefits of collaboration, specifically whether more collaborative members are more effective legislators. I create several new measures of propensity towards collaboration and use them in a series of temporal network autocorrelation models that examine whether the relationship between collaboration and legislative effectiveness is the result of members putting in effort to advance their agenda, working with other successful colleagues, or using collaboration to send informative signals. I find that members who are strategic in their collaborative decisions find the most success, particularly those who moderate their usage of collaboration. Finally, I consider the electoral benefits of collaboration, again using the temporal network autocorrelation model and my measures of propensity towards collaboration. I find that for electorally vulnerable members of Congress, there is a significant benefit to collaborating with members of the other party as it allows them to build a reputation for bipartisanship with their constituents. Taken together, these three essays provide us with a greater understanding of the role that policy collaboration plays in the modern Congress. Members use collaboration with their colleagues to find common ground in a polarized Congress, to advance their legislative agenda, and as a form of symbolic representation that allows them to distance themselves from the "dysfunctional" Congress.
An introduction to the U.S. Congress, from seasoned political historians and teachers In this accessible overview of the United States Congress’s past and present, Ginsberg and Hill introduce students to the country’s most democratic institution. This text surveys Congressional elections, the internal structure of Congress, the legislative process, Congress and the President, and Congress and the courts. Congress: The First Branch offers a fresh approach to the First Branch grounded in a historical, positive frame.
This text begins by setting the Scandinavian parliaments in their historical and national settings. It goes on to analyse political representation, parliamentary organization, parliamentary decision-making and considers the relations between the national parliaments and the larger European setting.
"Meet your new Congress text. Scott Adler, Jeffery Jenkins, and Charles Shipan use insights from political science to explain how today's Congress really works. What's inside? : "How We Study Congress" sections that ask students to engage with contemporary research to understand how we know what we know about Congress ; "Then and Now" sections that place the contemporary Congress in historical context ; provocative questions for discussion and review ; analysis of Congress during the Trump administration and insights on the 2018 and 2020 elections and their impact on the modern Congress."--taken from back cover.
Today’s public managers not only have to function as leaders within their agencies, they must also establish and coordinate multi-organizational networks of other public agencies, private contractors, and the public. This important transformation has been the subject of an explosion of research in recent years. The Collaborative Public Manager brings together original contributions by some of today’s top public management and public policy scholars who address cutting-edge issues that affect government managers worldwide. State-of-the-art empirical research reveals why and how public managers collaborate and how they motivate others to do the same. Examining tough issues such as organizational design and performance, resource sharing, and contracting, the contributors draw lessons from real-life situations as they provide tools to meet the challenges of managing conflict within interorganizational, interpersonal networks. This book pushes scholars, students, and professionals to rethink what they know about collaborative public management—and to strive harder to achieve its full potential.
An accessible approach to a modern Congress course