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Excerpt from The Intelligence of the Delinquent Boy The opening of the department of research, in 1915, gave us our first opportunity to obtain by systematic inquiry the facts related to the causes and prevention of juvenile delinquency. Four years of research have resulted in immeasurable benefit to the state for carrying out its institution program. The establishment of Pacific Colony for the feeble-minded, the readjustment of methods of segregating and instructing the children of the State, and the development of sentiment toward the establishing of 24-hour vocational schools, have all been made easier of attainment by reason of the work of this department. The present study deals with a phase of the work which we deem of primary importance. The factor of intelligence is of so much consequence that we now consider its measurement essential to the proper understanding of any case. The disadvantage under which others have labored when the information thus obtained was not available, becomes increasingly apparent. The variability of intelligence, the problem of mental deficiency, the relation of mental development to age, race, conduct, heredity, and environment, as presented in this monograph have been matters of much concern. We have been fortunate in having access to the findings and putting them into practical affect. before they could be presented in published form. The problem of the state is not one merely of caring for a few scattered cases, but of making of each case a bit of evidence for the scientific determination of the underlying cause of the problem it represents. In the compilation and interpretation of data obtained from large numbers of cases, studies of this kind return to the State many times their cost. It is planned to continue this work through the Journal of Delinquency and the supplementary publications. The present administration of the School and the authorities in the state government are desirous of encouraging and advancing research work in this and the related fields of child-welfare. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.