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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2015 im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften / Geographie - Phys. Geogr., Geomorphologie, Umweltforschung, , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: This paper is a feasibility study on design and use of the solar oven in Malawi. The inexorable need to cook food for nourishment is fundamental to nearly every society and there is an upsurge requirement of the expenditure of energy in some form due to an increase in human population. These form of energy include solar energy technology. It can be harnessed to meet the energy need for food preparation without the environmental and health problems associated with biomass fuels mostly used by Malawians. For period immemorial, societies have been using solar energy directly or indirectly to dehydrate, warm, and dry different food items. This brings into confusion as to why there is little acceptability by the communities in using solar devices. There are a wide variety of devices designed to capture the sun’s energy and harness it for different purposes and includes solar heater , solar cooker, solar dryer, solar still and solar air heating systems. Also peculiar and of concern in this project is the solar oven. Many of the projects that have been carried out around the world with others are still in progress. Among other objectives the preliminary idea in conducting the solar oven project was to determine if they can effectively be used in Malawi. The idea to carry a feasibility study on design and use of the solar oven was initiated since by the time of carrying this project, no published literature about box type solar oven projects in Malawi was available. It was discovered that other countries have societies pertaining to solar cooking technology despite the effort by the Illinois, USA company in distributing solar ovens in Malawi. This causes wonders as to why Malawi was not embarking on solar oven project as research about insolation levels about the country had shown to be effective enough for solar cooking. There are three types of solar ovens currently in use globally and literature review showed that there is clear room for improvement. The research focused much on box type of solar oven and a new type was designed to address some of the perceived weaknesses and determine if ever it can be applied in Malawi. This new solar oven incorporates a number of strategies drawn from thermal performance of the solar ovens and cookers, which were normalized with a set of standard environmental conditions. Observations based on ergonomics and safety were also given consideration in designing the oven in this scenario.
This directory details nearly 4000 new and renewable energy information centers from 170 countries. Full contact details, a description and a summary of areas of interest are listed for: * national government organizations* information resources* research centers* professional and trade associations* publications (databases, directories and journals) in each countryThe information in the directory has been compiled by UNESCO. Publication of the book has been supported by generous sponsorship from R&S Renewable Energy Systems, Helmond, the Netherlands.
This definitive textbook deals with all aspects of solar box cookers. While it is a suitable reference for the experienced builder, it is widely used for technology transfer in Third World locations & is comprehensible by young students, housewives & those without a technical education. The emphasis is on inexpensive, locally available materials & handcraft methods. It covers principles & guidelines for designing your own solar box oven in the materials of your choice. Designing, building & using solar box devices for a variety of non-cooking purposes are discussed. Four different sets of plans for simple cardboard solar box cookers are included along with recipes & cooking strategies. It is an indispensable guide for those interested in serious solar cooking. "All those who build & use SBCs must read this book..."--Darwin O'Ryan Curtis. Call or write for information to order, Barbara Kerr, Post Office Box 576, Taylor, AZ 85939. Phone: 602-536-2269.
In Cooking Data Crystal Biruk offers an ethnographic account of research into the demographics of HIV and AIDS in Malawi to rethink the production of quantitative health data. While research practices are often understood within a clean/dirty binary, Biruk shows that data are never clean; rather, they are always “cooked” during their production and inevitably entangled with the lives of those who produce them. Examining how the relationships among fieldworkers, supervisors, respondents, and foreign demographers shape data, Biruk examines the ways in which units of information—such as survey questions and numbers written onto questionnaires by fieldworkers—acquire value as statistics that go on to shape national AIDS policy. Her approach illustrates how on-the-ground dynamics and research cultures mediate the production of global health statistics in ways that impact local economies and formulations of power and expertise.
This book presents an overview of the key debates that took place during the Economic and Social Council meetings at the 2007 High-level Segment, at which ECOSOC organized its first biennial Development Cooperation Forum. The discussions also revolved around the theme of the second Annual Ministerial Review, "Implementing the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to sustainable development."--P. 4 of cover.
This open access book presents a picture of the current energy challenges on the African continent (and the Sub-Saharan region in particular) and proposes pathways to an accelerated energy transition. Starting with an analysis of the status quo and the outlook for Africa’s energy demand and energy access, it provides an account of the available resources, including hydrocarbons and renewable energy resources, which are playing an increasingly crucial role. It then moves on to analyze the level of investment required to scale-up Africa’s energy systems, shedding light on the key barriers and elaborating on potential solutions. It also provides a suggestion for improving the effectiveness of EU–Africa cooperation. While mainly intended for policymakers and academics, this book also speaks to a broader audience interested in gaining an overview of the challenges and opportunities of the African energy sector today and in the future.
Miombo woodlands and their use: overview and key issues. The ecology of miombo woodlands. Population biology of miombo tree. Miombo woodlands in the wider context: macro-economic and inter-sectoral influences. Rural households and miombo woodlands: use, value and management. Trade in woodland products from the miombo region. Managing miombo woodland. Institutional arrangements governing the use and the management of miombo woodlands. Miombo woodlands and rural livelihoods: options and opportunities.