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The ancient city of Ebla (modern Tell Mardikh) is rightfully considered one of the most important urban centers in upper Syro-Mesopotamia during the III and the first half of the II millennium BCE: best known for the discovery of the Royal Archives, its archaeological and epigraphic evidence provides information on cultural, historical, economic, and political aspects of early Syrian history. This book aims to provide an updated, comprehensive bibliography of books, articles, and digital resources concerning Ebla: it includes references to philological, archaeological, and historical studies published to date.
When the ancient city of Ebla was unearthed, archaeologists discovered the well-preserved royal library containing more than 15,000 clay tablets and fragments. At digs in modern-day Syria, the Ebla tablets provide unique insight into the culture and and history of ancient Mesopotamia.
Since the second edition of I.J. Gelb's Old Akkadian Writing and Grammar in 1961, which is still the standard grammar of Old Akkadian to this day, a significant number of new texts from the Old Akkadian period has been discovered and important improvements have been made regarding the analysis of Old Akkadian and Early Semitic grammar - particularly phonology - and writing. The present volume seeks to update our understanding of the syllabically written textual material from the Sargonic period (2350-2100 BCE), which contains most of our evidence for the Akkadian used at this period. It consists of a detailed investigation of the Sargonic Akkadian syllabary, phonology and morphology, with specific focus on geographical and dialectal variations that are noticeable in this text corpus, but which have not yet been examined thoroughly. The grammatical investigation further compares specific linguistic features of this period with the two later Akkadian dialects, Babylonian and Assyrian, in order to establish the position of the individual sub-groups of Sargonic Akkadian within the dialect geography of Akkadian.
This substantial volume comprises almost fifty Semitic and Assyrological studies dedicated to Pelio Fronzaroli, professor of Semitic philology at the University of Florence, written by colleagues and pupils.
The discovery of 17,000 tablets at the mid-third millennium BC site of Ebla in Syria has revolutionized the study of the ancient Near East. This is the first major English-language volume describing the multidisciplinary archaeological research at Ebla. Using an innovative regional landscape approach, the 29 contributions to this expansive volume examine Ebla in its regional context through lenses of archaeological, textual, archaeobiological, archaeometric, geomorphological, and remote sensing analysis. In doing so, they are able to provide us with a detailed picture of the constituent elements and trajectories of early state development at Ebla, essential to those studying the ancient Near East and to other archaeologists, historians, anthropologists, and linguists. This work was made possible by an IDEAS grant from the European Research Council.
The aim of this new international journal is to contribute to developing the study of the interpretation and understanding of the ancient cultures of Syria, remaining as open as possible to the different methodologies and problems that characterize present-day research. Thanks to the generous policy of international collaboration pursued by the cultural authorities of the Syrian Arab Republic, the increase in archaeological research in Syria, particularly from the 1970s on, opened up a series of new perspectives on the study of ancient Syria. The discovery of the Royal Archives of Ebla was decisive in this renaissance, as well as the role that Ebla played in establishing the very foundations of cultural development in ancient Syria. This project originates at a time of serious crisis for Syria, whose plight does not even spare the countrys magnificent, thousand-year-old cultural heritage. It is also intended as the strongest of hopes for a not-too-distant future of peace, prosperity, harmony and justice for the whole of the Syrian people. From the contents (altogether 12 contributions): Marco Bonechi, Building Works at Palace G. The Ebla King Between Major-domos, Carriers and Construction Workers Jacopo Pasquali, A propos de lhistoire la plus ancienne du bouc emissaire dapres les donnees epigraphiques eblaites. Le cas du nidba den(ki) Georges Mouamar, Tell Shairat: une ville circulaire majeure du IIIeme millenaire av. J.-C. du territoire de la confederation des Ib'al Luca Peyronel, From Ebla to Ugarit. Lead Ingots in the Levant and Anatolia during the Bronze Age Giacomo Benati, High, Low and in Between: Patterns of Bureaucracy, Storage and Mobilization of Resources in Middle Bronze Age (20001600 BC) Northern Levant Davide Nadali, The Building of Tell Agaga/Sadikanni in Syria: Some Reflections
Over the past seven decades, the scores of publications on Ugarit in Northern Syria (15th to 11th centuries BCE) are so scattered that a good overall view of the subject is virtually impossible. Wilfred Watson and Nicolas Wyatt, the editors of the present Handbook in the series Handbook of Oriental Studies, have brought together and made accessible this accumulated knowledge on the archives from Ugarit, called 'the foremost literary discovery of the twentieth century' by Cyrus Gordon. In 16 chapters a careful selection of specialists in the field deal with all important aspects of Ugarit, such as the discovery and decipherment of a previously unknown script (alphabetic cuneiform) used to write both the local language (Ugaritic) and Hurrian and its grammar, vocabulary and style; documents in other languages (including Akkadian and Hittite), as well as the literature and letters, culture, economy, social life, religion, history and iconography of the ancient kingdom of Ugarit. A chapter on computer analysis of these documents concludes the work. This first such wide-ranging survey, which includes recent scholarship, an extensive up-to-date bibliography, illustrations and maps, will be of particular use to those studying the history, religion, cultures and languages of the ancient Near East, and also of the Bible and to all those interested in the background to Greek and Phoenician cultures.