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Agriculture and Industry in Brazil is a study of the economics of Brazilian agriculture and industry, with a special focus on the importance of innovation to productivity growth. Albert Fishlow and José Eustáquio Ribeiro Vieira Filho examine technological change in Brazil, highlighting the role of public policy in building institutions and creating an innovation-oriented environment. Fishlow and Vieira Filho tackle the theme of innovation from various angles. They contrast the relationship between state involvement and the private sector in key parts of the Brazilian economy and compare agricultural expansion with growth in the oil and aviation sectors. Fishlow and Vieira Filho argue that modern agriculture is a knowledge-intensive industry and its success in Brazil stems from public institution building. They demonstrate how research has played a key role in productivity growth, showing how prudent innovation policies can leverage knowledge not only within a particular company but also across whole sectors of the economy. The book discusses whether and how Brazil can serve as a model for other middle-income countries eager to achieve higher growth and a more egalitarian distribution of income. An important contribution to comparative, international, and development economics, Agriculture and Industry in Brazil shows how the public success in agriculture became a prototype for advance elsewhere.
The internal dynamics of peasant households are an important factor in the adoption of modern agricultural techniques and hence in the survival and productive power of the peasantry. This anthropological study of a Brazilian peasant community shows that the "household estate," the commonly held property of a family, is contested between parents and children. While parents depend on the "estate" for their old-age subsistence, children hope to draw from it their traditional wedding gift of land which will provide them their livelihood. In many peasant households a silent struggle is waged over the "estate's" division. This leads to various types of production relations between parents and married children. Moreover, conflicting interests between generations are a point of "commoditization" of social relations, with important implications for peasant agriculture. Further, the position of the peasant movement is discussed, as well as its policy proposals for fostering peasant agriculture. Peasant agriculture could certainly expand into modern sectors of agriculture. But if these proposals are to be effective they must allow for the peasantry's system of inheritance and old-age care.