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Kiribati is estimated to need 50% more food by 2030 to feed its growing population. Extreme weather conditions and rising sea levels threaten agricultural production and livelihoods.Overfishing and unregulated commercial development are reducing: Sea cucumber, seaweed and tuna among others are becoming extinct. High dependency on imported foods is changing food tastes and reducing consumption of nutrient dense local foods e.g. giant taro, pandanus and fish. This Technical Brief describes the problems and proposes recommendations to solve them.
Food and nutrition security (FNS) is high on the global policy agenda and is of special significance for the African, Caribbean and the Pacific (ACP) region. Several pathways have been identified for achieving the desired FNS outcomes. The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has prioritised strengthening the linkages between nutrition and agriculture as one of the three key areas for 2015 and beyond in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific. It has also committed, with other leading international agencies, to a joint framework of action on “Agriculture and nutrition: a common future” which includes improving “the knowledge and evidence base to maximise the impact of food and agricultural systems on nutrition” as one of the three strategic priorities.
A rapid scan on the agriculture and nutrition situation in Vanuatu was undertaken in 2017 to build the evidence base for strengthening the linkage between two important sectors – agriculture and health, for improved food and nutrition outcomes.The food and nutrition situation in Vanuatu has changed over the years as dietary patterns and lifestyles transitioned from a dependence on mostly subsistence living to a more urbanised western lifestyle.This has resulted in increased dependence on imported foods and the consumption of refined foods that contain higher levels of saturated fats and oils, salt and sugar; less physical activity and increased exposure to other risk factors linked to alcohol intake and smoking. Variation between the food and nutrition situation of rural and urban households and between rural households involved in cash cropping and in subsistence farming, and poor and more affluent urban households have been noted.
This report summarises results of a rapid country scan on the agriculture-nutrition nexus in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). Research included a desk review of accessible policies, programmes and other documents, published and unpublished, as well as a field mission to RMI from 11 to 30 December 2017. The mission allowed additional quantitative and qualitative data gathering with interviews, site visits and a small seminar to debrief interviews, present preliminary findings and discuss potential follow-up with some stakeholders.
New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting.
Snapshot of the status and way forward for transforming agrifood systems in the Pacific – Identifying entry points and analysing trade-offs for policymakers," describes the impact of climate change on the agrifood systems of Pacific Island countries. The changing temperature, precipitation, and sea level patterns have a significant impact on food production and trade, leading to food insecurity, malnutrition, and non-communicable diseases, particularly in vulnerable groups like women and youth. The report provides an overview of entry points for sustainable food system transformation, such as traditional Pacific farming practices, crop diversification, agroforestry, and community-managed marine protection zones. The report also emphasizes the need for socioeconomic, health, and environmental impact assessments to manage these trade-offs and to understand the potential revenue generation from taxes on unhealthy commodities, which could be used to subsidize local food production and transport.
Unless action is taken now to make agriculture more sustainable, productive and resilient, climate change impacts will seriously compromise food production in countries and regions that are already highly food-insecure. The Paris Agreement, adopted in December 2015, represents a new beginning in the global effort to stabilize the climate before it is too late. It recognizes the importance of food security in the international response to climate change, as reflected by many countries prominent focus on the agriculture sector in their planned contributions to adaptation and mitigation. To help put those plans into action, this report identifies strategies, financing opportunities, and data and information needs. It also describes transformative policies and institutions that can overcome barriers to implementation. The State of Food and Agriculture is produced annually. Each edition contains an overview of the current global agricultural situation, as well as more in-depth coverage of a topical theme."