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Six experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of early and late incubation temperatures and hatching basket ventilation on embryonic development and early broiler performance. Eggs were exposed to a constant incubation air temperature of 37.6 & deg;C (99.7 & deg;F) from E 0-17 in Experiment 1 while Experiments 2-5 employed an incubation temperature profile that had an initial dry bulb set point of 38.1 & deg;C (100.5 & deg;F), which was gradually decreased to 37.2 & deg;C (99.0 & deg;F). Experiment 6 exposed eggs to either an Early Hot treatment (EH) that had a short initial air temperature of 38.9 & deg;C (102 & deg;F) followed by 38.1 & deg;C (100.5 & deg;F) to E 3 or an Early Cool treatment (EC) of 36.9 & deg;C (98.5 & deg;F) to E 3. Experiments 1-4 used an average air temperature of 38.1 & deg;C (100.5 & deg;F) during the late incubation period, while Experiments 5 and 6 added a late temperature treatment of approximately 35 & deg;C (95.0 & deg;F) (LC) in addition to 38.1 & deg;C (100.5 & deg;F; LH). Hatching baskets were modified to create ventilation treatments in order to examine the effect of air flow path on embryonic development and used varyingly throughout Experiments 1-6. Two treatments were designed to restricted air flow through the hatching basket by blocking air flow through either the top half of the basket (TT) or the bottom half of the basket (BT). Other hatching baskets remained unaltered to serve as a control group (CN). Experiments 1-2 included all three types but just the TT and BT treatments were used in Experiment 3. Experiments 4-6 used the TT and CN treatments in addition to the baskets at either low density (LD) or high density (HD). The TT treatment produced chicks with significantly less relative yolk sac in Experiment 1, but differences between ventilation treatments did not occur in other experiments. At E 15 of incubation, embryos from the EC treatment in Experiment 6 exhibited a decreased embryo weight and fluid (yolk and albumen) absorption. The LC treatmen.