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This well-integrated group of thirteen papers addresses the intriguing and perplexing issue of whether modern government can handle the problem of technology.
Why are some countries better than others at science and technology (S&T)? Written in an approachable style, The Politics of Innovation provides readers from all backgrounds and levels of expertise a comprehensive introduction to the debates over national S&T competitiveness. It synthesizes over fifty years of theory and research on national innovation rates, bringing together the current political and economic wisdom, and latest findings, about how nations become S&T leaders. Many experts mistakenly believe that domestic institutions and policies determine national innovation rates. However, after decades of research, there is still no agreement on precisely how this happens, exactly which institutions matter, and little aggregate evidence has been produced to support any particular explanation. Yet, despite these problems, a core faith in a relationship between domestic institutions and national innovation rates remains widely held and little challenged. The Politics of Innovation confronts head-on this contradiction between theory, evidence, and the popularity of the institutions-innovation hypothesis. It presents extensive evidence to show that domestic institutions and policies do not determine innovation rates. Instead, it argues that social networks are as important as institutions in determining national innovation rates. The Politics of Innovation also introduces a new theory of "creative insecurity" which explains how institutions, policies, and networks are all subservient to politics. It argues that, ultimately, each country's balance of domestic rivalries vs. external threats, and the ensuing political fights, are what drive S&T competitiveness. In making its case, The Politics of Innovation draws upon statistical analysis and comparative case studies of the United States, Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, the Philippines, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Turkey, Israel, Russia and a dozen countries across Western Europe.
A Comprehensive Introduction to Political Thought: Western and Non-Western Traditions familiarizes students with global political theories and perspectives. The book addresses Western and non-Western traditions of political thought, including a traditional emphasis on modern ideology such as liberal democracy. It also includes diverse traditions such as Confucianism in modern China, feminist political thought, and pan-African political thought. This book demonstrates how political theories have emerged from evolving conditions and historical circumstances that continue to influence modern politics. Dedicated chapters explore the ideological principles of conservatism, liberalism, liberal democracy, Marxism, and social democracy. Additional chapters examine the political thought of Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, ancient Roman republicanism, feudalism, Indigenous political thought, Machiavelli, modern republicanism, and the range of ideas that have defined the general science of politics. Students read about the origins of ideology, the political ideals of the Enlightenment, the emergence of democratic norms, and utilitarian methods, plus principles that have contributed to the introduction of socialism, populism, modernism, progressivism, postmodernism, and other critical ideas that influence politics today. Developed to provide students with a diverse, expansive overview, A Comprehensive Introduction to Political Thought is an exemplary resource for courses and programs in political science and the overall study of politics, public policy, and government.
This publication is a collection of socio-political studies on the phenomenon of political communication in the 21st century and changes caused by the use of new technologies. The book explores the phenomenon of political communication in Germany, Mexico, Poland, Romania, Scotland, Slovakia, the USA and Zimbabwe.
This Palgrave Pivot showcases new research on M.K. Gandhi or Mahatma Gandhi, and the press, telegraphs, broadcasting and popular culture. Despite Gandhi being the subject of numerous books over the past century, there are few that put media centre stage. This edited collection explores both Gandhi’s own approach to the press, but also how different advocacy groups and the media, within India and overseas, engaged with Gandhi, his ideology and methodology, to further their own causes. The timeframe of the book extends from the late nineteenth century up to the present, and the case studies draw inspiration from a number of disciplinary approaches.
Fifty distinguished contributors survey the entire history of political philosophy. They consider questions about how the subject should best be studied; they examine historical periods and great theorists in their intellectual contexts; and they discuss aspects of the subject that transcend periods, such as democracy, the state, and imperialism.
David D. Kumar and Daryl E. Chubin We live in an information age. Technology abounds: information tech nology, communication technology, learning technology. As a once popular song went, "Something's happening here, but it's just not exactly clear." The world appears to be a smaller, less remote place. We live in it, but we are not necessarily closely tied to it. We lack a satisfactory understanding of it. So we are left with a paradox: In an information age, information alone will neither inform nor improve us as citizens nor our democracy, society, or in stitutions. No, improvement will take some effort. It is a heavy burden to be reflective, indeed analytical, and disciplined but only constructively constrained by different perspectives. The science-based technology that makes for the complexity, contro versy, and uncertainty of life sows the seeds of understanding in Science, Technology, and Society. STS, as it is known, encompasses a hybrid area of scholarship now nearly three decades old. As D. R. Sarewitz,a former geologist now congressional staffer and an author, put it After all, the important and often controversial policy dilemmas posed by issues such as nuclear energy, toxic waste disposal, global climate change, or biotech nology cannot be resolved by authoritative scientific knowledge; instead, they must involve a balancing of technical considerations with other criteria that are explicitly nonscientific: ethics, esthetics, equity, ideology. Trade-offs must be made in light of inevitable uncertainties (Sarewitz, 1996, p. 182).
The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Technology gives readers a view into this increasingly vital and urgently needed domain of philosophical understanding, offering an in-depth collection of leading and emerging voices in the philosophy of technology. The thirty-two contributions in this volume cut across and connect diverse philosophical traditions and methodologies. They reveal the often-neglected importance of technology for virtually every subfield of philosophy, including ethics, epistemology, philosophy of science, metaphysics, aesthetics, philosophy of language, and political theory. The Handbook also gives readers a new sense of what philosophy looks like when fully engaged with the disciplines and domains of knowledge that continue to transform the material and practical features and affordances of our world, including engineering, arts and design, computing, and the physical and social sciences. The chapters reveal enduring conceptual themes concerning technology's role in the shaping of human knowledge, identity, power, values, and freedom, while bringing a philosophical lens to the profound transformations of our existence brought by innovations ranging from biotechnology and nuclear engineering to artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and robotics. This new collection challenges the reader with provocative and original insights on the history, concepts, problems, and questions to be brought to bear upon humanity's complex and evolving relationship to technology.
The Devil Knows Latin is a provocative and illuminating examination of contemporary American culture. Its range is broad and fascinating. Whether discussing the importance of Greek and Latin syntax to our society, examining current trends in literary theory, education, and politics, or applying a classical perspective to contemporary films, Christian Kopff (Professor of Classics at the University of Colorado) is at home and on the mark. He outlines the perils and possibilities for America in the coming decades with learning and verve—demonstrating that the highway to a creative and free future begins as a Roman road.