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The aim of the book is to present contributions in theory, policy and practice to the science and policy of sustainable intensification by means of technological and institutional innovations in agriculture. The research insights re from Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. The purpose of this book is to be a reference for students, scholars and practitioners inthe field of science and policy for understanding and identifying agricultural productivity growth potentials in marginalized areas.
This open access book examines the interactions between India’s economic development, agricultural production, and nutrition through the lens of a “Food Systems Approach (FSA).” The Indian growth story is a paradoxical one. Despite economic progress over the past two decades, regional inequality, food insecurity and malnutrition problems persist. Simultaneously, recent trends in obesity along with micro-nutrient deficiency portend to a future public health crisis. This book explores various challenges and opportunities to achieve a nutrition-secure future through diversified production systems, improved health and hygiene environment and greater individual capability to access a balanced diet contributing to an increase in overall productivity. The authors bring together the latest data and scientific evidence from the country to map out the current state of food systems and nutrition outcomes. They place India within the context of other developing country experiences and highlight India’s status as an outlier in terms of the persistence of high levels of stunting while following global trends in obesity. This book discusses the policy and institutional interventions needed for promoting a nutrition-sensitive food system and the multi-sectoral strategies needed for simultaneously addressing the triple burden of malnutrition in India.
In order to meet food needs, farmers need to integrate the latest technologies enabling them to make more informed decisions. Smart Farming Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Development provides innovative insights into the latest farming advancements in terms of informatics and communication. The content within this publication represents the work of topics such as sensor systems, wireless communication, and the integration of the Internet of Things in agriculture-related processes. It is a vital reference source for farmers, academicians, researchers, government agencies, technology developers, and graduate-level students seeking current research on smart farming technologies.
The book shows that the instant need to feed the teeming millions propelled us to increase the use of chemical fertilizers and adopt better agricultural practices which have created multifaced problems in agriculture. However, these methods have been killing the natural fertilizing potential of soil. The persistently growing use of external nutrients has enormously raised the cost of farming thus turning agriculture into an unremunerative occupation. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers has also been causing long-term hazards to soil fertility and intensifying the need of subsidy on domestic and imported fertilizers. All these hinder sustainable growth of agriculture. The study also shows that prices of inputs , which farmers have been using, have increased at a much faster rate than those of agriculture output causing impoverishment, in real sense, among them and making agriculture an occupation of last resort.
Contributed papers presented at the conference organized by Dept. of Geography, Aligarh Muslim University.
This edited book focus on highlighting the evolution of Indian agriculture over the past 75 years of independence, covering every sector, viz. crop science, horticulture, management of biotic & abiotic stress, post-harvest quality management, livestock, fisheries, mechanization, marketing and human resource development. The book has 30 chapters from most experienced researchers and academicians who are actively engaged in research work on the subject area of the book. The book is in line with the strategy for new India @ 75’ brought out by NITI Ayog. It highlights India’s success stories in innovation, technology, enterprise and efficient management together to achieve overall growth while making available food, required nutrition and others ecological services. It also asses the India’s preparedness in terms of commitment toward sustainable development goal SDG). The book is a relevant reading material for both students and researchers and policy makers.
In a developing economy, agriculture must not only provide for a growing populace but also produce a surplus for investment. For an ancient, custom-domi­nated land like India, how does agriculture attempt to meet these demands? In this book, the economic history of India's agriculture and the extent of its development, from 1891 to independence (1947), is closely and authoritatively examined in a study of output, acreage, and yield per acre for the eighteen crops that constitute most of India's agriculture. The nature of change for each of these eighteen crops, and for the foodgrain, non­foodgrain, and all-crop groups is described and analyzed for the fifty-six-year period as a whole, as well as for shorter periods, for British India and six major regions. Output and trade data are combined to determine trends in the availability of crops. These trends are compared with population figures to indicate changes in India's welfare. To explain the trends in acre productivity, close scrutiny is given to changes m the composition of output, intensity of cultivation, agricultural technology, and physical environment. An extensive treatment of the methodological problems encountered in assembling adequate crop data and statistical measurements precedes the investigation of agricultural development. An accurate account must balance the multitude of variables involved in the complex system by which agricultural information was compiled and evaluated: the reliability of the village recorders, the changes in boundary lines and the consequent changes in records, the influence of climate and foreign markets, as well as the larger patterns of history and nature, warfare and catastrophe. The comprehensive Appendix includes, among other source materials, the annual data for individual crops and crop aggregates and their trend rates for individual decades. The text contains numerous tables, charts, and maps.
Argentina has reformed its public finance system and reversed years of economic decline and deficit spending. This study recommends policy options to speed the already impressive progress. These options would expand the ambitious reform program already under way. This study shows how to sustain balanced public finances over the medium term. It describes ways to sustain price stability and economic growth while providing a cushion against unexpected downturns. Also examined are ways to improve social services while reducing the size of government. Researchers discuss key reforms that could boost the fiscal surplus by as much as 1.4 percent of gross domestic product. They look at ways to build tax revenues, reduce provincial finances, and make social security more equitable. They review methods to cut defense spending and revive a moribund education system. Additional policy options offered are reforms for housing and welfare programs and pension fund investments. The study suggests ways to improve the legal framework for a stronger central bank. Also reviewed are ways to eliminate unnecessary administrative agencies and to privatize public enterprises. The government's new health insurance program is examined. This program offers universal coverage. It lets contributors choose providers and includes subsidies for those who can't pay. It also requires a minimum package of health care at a set price.