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The Chemistry of Manganese, Technetium and Rhenium deals with the chemistry of manganese, technetium, and rhenium and covers topics ranging from the occurrence and metallurgy of all three elements to their properties and compounds. Among the compounds considered are manganese halides, cyanides, and oxides as well as carbonyls and organometallic compounds, thiocyanate complexes, and chalcogenides. This volume is divided into three sections and opens with an overview of the history and occurrence of manganese, along with its metallurgy, uses, and properties. A variety of manganese compounds are examined, including halides and cyanides, sulfides and selenides, tellurides and borates, and nitrites and nitrates. The next two sections focus on technetium and rhenium, their discovery, isolation, and general properties. Compounds of both elements are described, including hydridic compounds, cyanide and thiocyanate complexes, and oxoacids and salts. Perrhenic acid and the perrhenates are also discussed, together with chalcogenides and refractory compounds, carbonyls, and organometallic derivatives. This book will be a valuable source of information for inorganic chemists.
Dieses einzigartige Handbuch gibt eine umfassende Übersicht über den aktuellen Stand der Technetium-Chemie und die Anwendung von Technetium in der Radiopharmazie. Klar und präzise dargestellt werden alle wichtigen Aspekte wie · natürliches und künstlich verursachtes Vorkommen in der Umwelt, · Isotope und Isomere, · Analytische Chemie und Biochemie, · thermodynamische Daten, Stabilität und Reaktivität, · intermetallische und binäre Verbindungen, und vor allem · Komplexchemie sowie · radiopharmazeutischer Einsatz. Dieses herausragende Werk erlaubt sowohl Experten als auch Laien mit naturwissenschaftlicher Bildung einen schnellen Zugang zu wichtiger Information. Deshalb ist das Handbuch genauso unverzichtbar für Forscher an Universitäten und Instituten, in der Nuklearmedizin und radiopharmazeutischen Industrie wie für wissenschaftliche Berater in Regierungen und Umweltverbänden.
As the importance and dependence of specific mineral commodities increase, so does concern about their supply. The United States is currently 100 percent reliant on foreign sources for 20 mineral commodities and imports the majority of its supply of more than 50 mineral commodities. Mineral commodities that have important uses and face potential supply disruption are critical to American economic and national security. However, a mineral commodity's importance and the nature of its supply chain can change with time; a mineral commodity that may not have been considered critical 25 years ago may be critical today, and one considered critical today may not be so in the future. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our economy and security. For each mineral commodity covered, the authors provide a comprehensive look at (1) the commodity's use; (2) the geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible future supply of the commodity; (3) the current status of production, reserves, and resources in the United States and globally; and (4) environmental considerations related to the commodity's production from different types of mineral deposits. The volume describes U.S. critical mineral resources in a global context, for no country can be self-sufficient for all its mineral commodity needs, and the United States will always rely on global mineral commodity supply chains. This volume provides the scientific understanding of critical mineral resources required for informed decisionmaking by those responsible for ensuring that the United States has a secure and sustainable supply of mineral commodities.
In A Tale of Seven Elements, Eric Scerri presents the fascinating history of those seven elements discovered to be mysteriously "missing" from the periodic table in 1913.
Metallosurfactants Provides up-to-date coverage of the synthesis, properties, and applications of metallosurfactants Metallosurfactants: From Fundamentals to Catalytic and Biomedical Applications is a thorough introduction to amphiphilic compounds that allow to incorporate metal ions in the surfactant system. This comprehensive reference and guide describes the fundamentals of metal surfactant complexes, highlights recent advances in the field, and explores current and future applications and research areas. Gradually progressing from basic to advanced topics, the authors first explain the classification and characterization of metallosurfactants before delving into more complex concepts and various catalytic, sensing, and biomedical applications. The book begins with coverage of the synthesis of metallosurfactants and their surface, interfacial, and aggregation behavior. Subsequent chapters discuss applications of metallosurfactants in areas such as drug delivery, molecular machines, transfection, nanoparticle synthesis, and carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs). Other topics include the use of metallosurfactants as catalysts in organic reactions, and as anticancer and antimicrobial agents in drug delivery and formulation. This unique reference Provides an overview of the structure-function relationship, synthesis methods, and characterization of metallosurfactants Reviews current trends in metallosurfactant development and research Examines the use of metallosurfactants in a wide range of reactions, including esterolytic reactions and hydrogen generation Discusses advanced applications of metallosurfactants, e.g. as nanoreactors for nanoparticle synthesis, non-viral transfection vectors, and sensors Metallosurfactants: From Fundamentals to Catalytic and Biomedical Applications is an excellent introduction to the growing field of metallosurfactant chemistry as well as a concise, highly useful reference for researchers and scientists in both academia and industry.
This book is a comprehensive guide to radiopharmaceutical chemistry. The stunning clinical successes of nuclear imaging and targeted radiotherapy have resulted in rapid growth in the field of radiopharmaceutical chemistry, an essential component of nuclear medicine and radiology. However, at this point, interest in the field outpaces the academic and educational infrastructure needed to train radiopharmaceutical chemists. For example, the vast majority of texts that address radiopharmaceutical chemistry do so only peripherally, focusing instead on nuclear chemistry (i.e. nuclear reactions in reactors), heavy element radiochemistry (i.e. the decomposition of radioactive waste), or solely on the clinical applications of radiopharmaceuticals (e.g. the use of PET tracers in oncology). This text fills that gap by focusing on the chemistry of radiopharmaceuticals, with key coverage of how that knowledge translates to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals for the clinic. The text is divided into three overarching sections: First Principles, Radiochemistry, and Special Topics. The first is a general overview covering fundamental and broad issues like “The Production of Radionuclides” and “Basics of Radiochemistry”. The second section is the main focus of the book. In this section, each chapter’s author will delve much deeper into the subject matter, covering both well established and state-of-the-art techniques in radiopharmaceutical chemistry. This section will be divided according to radionuclide and will include chapters on radiolabeling methods using all of the common nuclides employed in radiopharmaceuticals, including four chapters on the ubiquitously used fluorine-18 and a “Best of the Rest” chapter to cover emerging radionuclides. Finally, the third section of the book is dedicated to special topics with important information for radiochemists, including “Bioconjugation Methods,” “Click Chemistry in Radiochemistry”, and “Radiochemical Instrumentation.” This is an ideal educational guide for nuclear medicine physicians, radiologists, and radiopharmaceutical chemists, as well as residents and trainees in all of these areas.
This volume in the series Chemical Thermodynamics provides a comprehensive review and critical evaluation of experimental data available for the chemical thermodynamics of inorganic compounds and aqueous species and complexes of technetium. The objective of the reviews in the series Chemical Thermodynamics is to provide a set of reliable thermodynamic data that can be used to describe the behaviour of the elements reviewed under conditions relevant for radioactive waste disposal systems and various geochemical environments. Data and their uncertainty limits are recommended for the formation energies, enthalpies and entropies of selected aqueous complexes, solids and gaseous compounds containing technetium. The data are internally consistent and compatible with the CODATA Key Values, as well as with the data in the earlier volumes in the series Chemical Thermodynamics. The book contains a detailed discussion of the selection procedures used
Nearly 20 million nuclear medicine procedures are carried out each year in the United States alone to diagnose and treat cancers, cardiovascular disease, and certain neurological disorders. Many of the advancements in nuclear medicine have been the result of research investments made during the past 50 years where these procedures are now a routine part of clinical care. Although nuclear medicine plays an important role in biomedical research and disease management, its promise is only beginning to be realized. Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation highlights the exciting emerging opportunities in nuclear medicine, which include assessing the efficacy of new drugs in development, individualizing treatment to the patient, and understanding the biology of human diseases. Health care and pharmaceutical professionals will be most interested in this book's examination of the challenges the field faces and its recommendations for ways to reduce these impediments.
Contents: The Properties of Transition Elements, Titanium, Zirconium and Hafnium Group IV A, Vanadium, Niobium and Tantalum Group V A, Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten Group VI A, Manganese, Technetium and Rhenium Group VII A, Iron, Cobalt and Nickel, The Platinum Metals, Copper, Silver and Gold Group IB, Analytical and Biological Aspects of Transition Metals, Coordination Compounds, Lanthanides & Actinides.