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In September 1980, the Special Programme Panel on Systems Sciences of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) sponsored an Advanced Research Institute (ARI) on "Systems Analysis in Urban Policy-Making and Planning" which was held at New College, Univer sity of Oxford, from 21st to 27th September. This week-long meeting brought together 35 invited delegates from most countries of the NATO Alliance to discuss the impact which syst~ms analysis has had and is likely to have on urban affairs. The manuscript was submitted to the publisher in June of 1982. Although the goal of the ARI was to assess the impact of urban systems analysis as seen through the eyes of those closely involved in such work, the meeting also addressed opportunities for future research and development, and therefore in this book we have attempted to synthesize discussions at the meeting with this in mind. But before we describe the structure of this book, it is worth recounting in a little more detail the intentions and organi zation of the meeting, for this has had an important effect on the type of papers produced here, the way they have been written, and the issues they address.
A Systems View of Planning: Towards a Theory of the Urban and Regional Planning Process, Second Edition covers theories of the process of town and regional planning. The book discusses physical change and human ecology; the theory of planning; the variety and entropy of systems; and planning as a conceptual system. The text also describes space and spatial planning; goal formulation in planning; exploratory and normative techniques and intuitive methods in projecting the system; and operational models and their underlying theories. Using linear programming and entropy methods; major aspects of evaluation, program budgeting, cost benefit analysis, and matrix methods; and the spatial method for regional planning are also covered. The book tackles the mixed-programming strategy as well. Engineers, architects, farmers, and foresters will find the book invaluable.
Monograph on the philosophy and ideology of mao tse-tung on communism in China contrasting contemporary maoism both with classical Chinese historical thinking, and with the western sources of Marxism - includes references.
This work is concerned with the understanding of the structure and behaviour of urban and regional systems in developing countries. Professor Chadwick considers not only how such systems change, but also how they might be changed by some form of manipulation. Both these purposes necessarily involve the activity of modelling the systems concerned. This study has been enriched by the author's own experience in Bahrain, Hong Kong, Korea and Saudi Arabia.
This is a report of an experiment in interdisciplinary education for environmental planning carried out at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. It represents an attempt to use a studio course as a vehicle for synthesizing the analytical data and approaches of four different disciplines: Landscape Architecture, Engineering, City and Regional Planning, and Urban Design. Aims of the study were to develop a better method of exploration and of interdisciplinary teaching which would lead to great understanding of urbanization complexities, and to develop techniques that could be used in actual planning and design processes. Students and professors began with a very loose program, making no attempt to cover the complete range of problems inherent in urban growth; in fact, the significance of their work lay in the exercise itself. The experimental approach used in the project required tolerance for ambiguity and the ability to innovate when old solutions failed. The area chosen for study was the southwest sector of the Boston region, for which basic data were collected in an earlier course. This facilitated the building and operation of allocation and evaluation models. Following introductory remarks on interdisciplinary education, a description of the course, and a section explaining systems analysis, the book presents the nine models developed during the course and concludes with two simulations of metropolitan growth in the study area. Participants considered and rejected various models in favor of a simulation technique. This process allowed them to link all nine models together in the coherent system that appears in the book. The report also includes edited tape recordings made at a public review of the class effort, and appendixes describing the (UTM) grid used as the basic spatial unit for data collection and analysis, and the computer program (GRID) used to organize data and analyses for graphic display.