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The book deals with novel aspects and perspectives in metal oxide and hybrid material fabrication. The contributions are mainly focused on the search for a new group of advanced materials with designed physicochemical properties, especially an expanded porous structure and defined surface activity. The proposed technological procedures result in an enhanced activity of the synthesized hybrid materials, which is of great importance when considering their potential fields of application. The use of such materials in different technological disciplines, including aspects associated with environmental protection, allows for the verification of the proposed synthesis method. Thus, it can be stated that those aspects are of interdisciplinary character and may be located at the interface of three scientific disciplines—chemistry, materials science, and engineering—as well as environmental protection. Furthermore, the presented scientific scope is in some way an answer to the continuous demand for such types of materials and opens new perspectives for their practical use
The fundamental principle of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics were introduced by Wang in 2007 and 2010, respectively. Due to the polarization of ions in a crystal that has non-central symmetry in materials, such as the wurtzite structured ZnO, GaN and InN, a piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) is created in the crystal by applying a stress. Owing to the simultaneous possession of piezoelectricity and semiconductor properties, the piezopotential created in the crystal has a strong effect on the carrier transport at the interface/junction. Piezotronics is for devices fabricated using the piezopotential as a “gate” voltage to control charge carrier transport at a contact or junction. The piezo-phototronic effect uses the piezopotential to control the carrier generation, transport, separation and/or recombination for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices, such as photon detector, solar cell and LED. The functionality offered by piezotroics and piezo-phototronics are complimentary to CMOS technology. There is an effective integration of piezotronic and piezo-phototronic devices with silicon based CMOS technology. Unique applications can be found in areas such as human-computer interfacing, sensing and actuating in nanorobotics, smart and personalized electronic signatures, smart MEMS/NEMS, nanorobotics and energy sciences. This book introduces the fundamentals of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics and advanced applications. It gives guidance to researchers, engineers and graduate students.
This book is the first publication to widely introduce the contributions of nanoarchitectonics to the development of functional materials and systems. The book opens up pathways to novel nanotechnology based on bottom-up techniques. In fields of nanotechnology, theoretical and practical limitations are expected in the bottom-up nanofabrication process. Instead, some supramolecular processes for nano- and microstructure formation including molecular recognition, self-assembly, and template synthesis have gained great attention as novel key technologies to break through expected limitations in current nanotechnology. This volume describes future images of nanotechnology and related materials and device science as well as practical applications for energy and biotechnology. Readers including specialists, non-specialists, graduate students, and undergraduate students can focus on the parts of the book that interest and concern them most. Target fields include materials chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, nanotechnology, and even biotechnology. .
Nanomaterials for Solar Cell Applications provides a review of recent developments in the field of nanomaterials based solar cells. It begins with a discussion of the fundamentals of nanomaterials for solar calls, including a discussion of lifecycle assessments and characterization techniques. Next, it reviews various types of solar cells, i.e., Thin film, Metal-oxide, Nanowire, Nanorod and Nanoporous materials, and more. Other topics covered include a review of quantum dot sensitized and perovskite and polymer nanocomposites-based solar cells. This book is an ideal resource for those working in this evolving field of nanomaterials and renewable energy. - Provides a well-organized approach to the use of nanomaterials for solar cell applications - Discusses the synthesis, characterization and applications of traditional and new material - Includes coverage of emerging nanomaterials, such as graphene, graphene-derivatives and perovskites
A wealth of information in one accessible book. Written by international experts from multidisciplinary fields, this in-depth exploration of oxide ultrathin films covers all aspects of these systems, starting with preparation and characterization, and going on to geometrical and electronic structure, as well as applications in current and future systems and devices. From the Contents: Synthesis and Preparation of Oxide Ultrathin Films Characterization Tools of Oxide Ultrathin Films Ordered Oxide Nanostructures on Metal Surfaces Unusual Properties of Oxides and Other Insulators in the Ultrathin Limit Silica and High-K Dielectrics Thin Films in Microelectronics Oxide Passive Films and Corrosion Protection Oxide Films as Catalytic Materials and as Models of Real Catalysts Oxide Films in Spintronics Oxide Ultrathin Films in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Transparent Conducting and Chromogenic Oxide Films as Solar Energy Materials Oxide Ultrathin Films in Sensor Applications Ferroelectricity in Ultrathin Film Capacitors Titania Thin Films in Biocompatible Materials and Medical Implants Oxide Nanowires for New Chemical Sensor Devices
This first systematic, authoritative and thorough treatment in one comprehensive volume presents the fundamentals and technologies of the topic, elucidating all aspects of ZnO materials and devices. Following an introduction, the authors look at the general properties of ZnO, as well as its growth, optical processes, doping and ZnO-based dilute magnetic semiconductors. Concluding sections treat bandgap engineering, processing and ZnO nanostructures and nanodevices. Of interest to device engineers, physicists, and semiconductor and solid state scientists in general.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) in its nanostructured form is emerging as a promising material with great potential for the development of many smart electronic devices. This book presents up-to-date information about various synthesis methods to obtain device-quality ZnO nanostructures. It describes both high-temperature (over 100 C) and low-temperature (under
With an in-depth exploration of the following topics, this book covers the broad uses of zinc oxide within the fields of materials science and engineering: - Recent advances in bulk, thin film and nanowire growth of ZnO (including MBE, MOCVD and PLD), - The characterization of the resulting material (including the related ternary systems ZgMgO and ZnCdO), - Improvements in device processing modules (including ion implantation for doping and isolation, Ohmic and Schottky contacts, wet and dry etching), - The role of impurities and defects on materials properties - Applications of ZnO in UV light emitters/detectors, gas, biological and chemical-sensing, transparent electronics, spintronics and thin film
This book guides beginners in the areas of thin film preparation, characterization, and device making, while providing insight into these areas for experts. As chemically deposited metal oxides are currently gaining attention in development of devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries, sensors, etc., the book illustrates how the chemical deposition route is emerging as a relatively inexpensive, simple, and convenient solution for large area deposition. The advancement in the nanostructured materials for the development of devices is fully discussed.