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The family of two-dimensional (2D) materials has been demonstrated to possess unique characteristics that make them appealing for scaled electronic applications. However, this versatile class of materials comes with its own unique challenges for fabrication and integration into widespread adoption. Therefore, in this work, we investigate the synthesis and properties of selected 2D materials, working to understand how their unique characteristics may impact their utility. First, we develop and refine processes for large-area chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) onto carbon nanotube (CNT) and metal substrates. We report one of the first demonstrations of direct deposition of multilayer h-BN on CNTs, resulting in a thin capping layer on the CNTs without the use of a transfer process. Additionally, we elucidate some effects of substrate crystallinity on the resultant h-BN film by characterizing films deposited on both polycrystalline and single crystal Pt substrates. Finally, we demonstrate the use of monolayer h-BN as an ultra-thin protective barrier layer, protecting monolayer MoS2 from degradation at elevated temperatures, and we discuss additional applications for this material. In addition, we investigate fundamental thermoelectric properties of thin WSe2, fabricating on-chip heater and thermometer structures and quantifiably demonstrating the benefits of using a low-thermal conductivity substrate to maintain a larger temperature gradient along the channel. Using our measurement platform, we measure the highest Seebeck coefficients for thin WSe2 reported in literature to date, demonstrating its promise for temperature sensing and energy harvesting applications. We conduct measurements on multiple WSe2 samples, studying the effect of film thickness on the thermoelectric properties, and electrostatically gate the channels using an ion gel, which enables us to sweep over a wide range of electron and hole carrier densities. Finally, we explore the effects of edge contributions to narrow MoS2 and WSe2 channels, fabricating back-gated devices on exfoliated nanoribbons. The exfoliation process to deposit these nanoribbons is promising for maintaining "pristine" edges, which are ideally in the armchair or zigzag configuration. This can allow for the impact of these edges on the electronic transport properties to be studied, and we measure numerous transistors with parallel nanoribbon channels to consider these effects. We observe some trends with the maximum and minimum currents vs. the average ribbon width of these channels, and outline the next steps for this project to further understand the edge contributions. This work explores the deposition as well as fundamental electronic and thermoelectric properties of 2D materials, aiming to incrementally advance this family of materials towards viability in larger-scale applications.
There are only a few discoveries and new technologies in materials science that have the potential to dramatically alter and revolutionize our material world. Discovery of two-dimensional (2D) materials, the thinnest form of materials to ever occur in nature, is one of them. After isolation of graphene from graphite in 2004, a whole other class of atomically thin materials, dominated by surface effects and showing completely unexpected and extraordinary properties, has been created. This book provides a comprehensive view and state-of-the-art knowledge about 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and so on. It consists of 11 chapters contributed by a team of experts in this exciting field and provides latest synthesis techniques of 2D materials, characterization and their potential applications in energy conservation, electronics, optoelectronics and biotechnology.
Since the great success of graphene, atomically thin-layered nanomaterials, called two dimensional (2D) materials, have attracted tremendous attention due to their extraordinary physical properties. Specifically, van der Waals heterostructured architectures based on a few 2D materials, named atomic-scale Lego, have been proposed as unprecedented platforms for the implementation of versatile devices with a completely novel function or extremely high-performance, shifting the research paradigm in materials science and engineering. Thus, diverse 2D materials beyond existing bulk materials have been widely studied for promising electronic, optoelectronic, mechanical, and thermoelectric applications. Especially, this Special Issue included the recent advances in the unique preparation methods such as exfoliation-based synthesis and vacuum-based deposition of diverse 2D materials and also their device applications based on interesting physical properties. Specifically, this Editorial consists of the following two parts: Preparation methods of 2D materials and Properties of 2D materials
There are only a few discoveries and new technologies in materials science that have the potential to dramatically alter and revolutionize our material world. Discovery of two-dimensional (2D) materials, the thinnest form of materials to ever occur in nature, is one of them. After isolation of graphene from graphite in 2004, a whole other class of atomically thin materials, dominated by surface effects and showing completely unexpected and extraordinary properties, has been created. This book provides a comprehensive view and state-of-the-art knowledge about 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and so on. It consists of 11 chapters contributed by a team of experts in this exciting field and provides latest synthesis techniques of 2D materials, characterization and their potential applications in energy conservation, electronics, optoelectronics and biotechnology.
Most reference texts covering two-dimensional materials focus specifically on graphene, when in reality, there are a host of new two-dimensional materials poised to overtake graphene. This book provides an authoritative source of information on twodimensional materials covering a plethora of fields and subjects and outlining all two-dimensional materials in terms of their fundamental understanding, synthesis, and applications.
2D Materials for Electronics, Sensors and Devices: Synthesis, Characterization, Fabrication and Application provides an overview of various top-down and bottom-up synthesis techniques, along with stitching, stacking and stoichiometric control methods for different 2D materials and their heterostructures. The book focuses on the widespread applications of various 2D materials in high-performance and low-power sensors, field effect devices, flexible electronics, straintronics, spintronics, brain-inspired electronics, energy harvesting and energy storage devices. This is an important reference for materials scientists and engineers looking to gain a greater understanding on how 2D materials are being used to create a range of low cost, sustainable products and devices. Discusses the major synthesis and preparation methods of a range of emerging 2D electronic materials Provides state-of–the-art information on the most recent advances, including theoretical and experimental studies and new applications Discusses the major challenges of the mass application of 2D materials in industry
Synthesis, Modelling and Characterization of 2D Materials and Their Heterostructures provides a detailed discussion on the multiscale computational approach surrounding atomic, molecular and atomic-informed continuum models. In addition to a detailed theoretical description, this book provides example problems, sample code/script, and a discussion on how theoretical analysis provides insight into optimal experimental design. Furthermore, the book addresses the growth mechanism of these 2D materials, the formation of defects, and different lattice mismatch and interlayer interactions. Sections cover direct band gap, Raman scattering, extraordinary strong light matter interaction, layer dependent photoluminescence, and other physical properties. Explains multiscale computational techniques, from atomic to continuum scale, covering different time and length scales Provides fundamental theoretical insights, example problems, sample code and exercise problems Outlines major characterization and synthesis methods for different types of 2D materials
Inorganic Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials provides an overview of the development on inorganic two-dimensional nanomaterials from computational simulation and theoretical understanding to applications in energy conversion and storage.
Two-dimensional materials have had widespread applications in nanoelectronics, catalysis, gas capture, water purification, energy storage and conversion. Initially based around graphene, research has since moved on to looking at alternatives, including transitions metal dichalcogenides, layered topological insulators, metallic mono-chalcogenides, borocarbonitrides and phosphorene.This book provides a review of research in the field of these materials, including investigation into their defects, analysis on hybrid structures focusing on their properties and synthesis, and characterization and applications of 2D materials beyond graphene. It is designed to be a single-point reference for students, teachers and researchers of chemistry and its related subjects, particularly in the field of nanomaterials.
Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Comprehensive resource covering rapid scientific and technological development of polymorphic two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) over a range of disciplines and applications Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides: Phase Engineering and Applications in Electronics and Optoelectronics provides a discussion on the history of phase engineering in 2D-TMDs as well as an in-depth treatment on the structural and electronic properties of 2D-TMDs in their respective polymorphic structures. The text addresses different forms of in-situ synthesis, phase transformation, and characterization methods for 2D-TMD materials and provides a comprehensive treatment of both the theoretical and experimental studies that have been conducted on 2D-TMDs in their respective phases. Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides includes further information on: Thermoelectric, fundamental spin-orbit structures, Weyl semi-metallic, and superconductive and related ferromagnetic properties that 2D-TMD materials possess Existing and prospective applications of 2D-TMDs in the field of electronics and optoelectronics as well as clean energy, catalysis, and memristors Magnetism and spin structures of polymorphic 2D-TMDs and further considerations on the challenges confronting the utilization of TMD-based systems Recent progress of mechanical exfoliation and the application in the study of 2D materials and other modern opportunities for progress in the field Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides provides in-depth review introducing the electronic properties of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides with updates to the phase engineering transition strategies and a diverse range of arising applications, making it an essential resource for scientists, chemists, physicists, and engineers across a wide range of disciplines.