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IAU Symposium 101, Supernova Remnants and Their X-ray Emission, was held on the Island of San Giorgio, Venice, 30 August - 2 September 1982. It was co-sponsored by the National Research Council, Italy, the University of Padua, the Observatory of Padua, and the International Astronomical Union, and was hosted by the Cini Foundation. The contents of this volume show the wide range of disciplines that are involved in supernova remnant research. Many new results were presented, not only from the X-ray observations from the Einstein Observatory but also from observations at optical and radio wavelengths. This has led to the stimulation of theoretical work, much of which attempts to accommodate in a more unified way all of these observations. Research on supernova remnants of all ages was reported. Perhaps the most impressive part of all this work is the way in which observations at all wavelengths have extended well outside the Galaxy to other members of the Local Group and beyond. The Symposium was attended by scientists from 15 countries. Twenty five invited papers and sixty-eight shorter contributions were presented during the 4-day meeting. Thirty-three of these shorter contributions were presented in poster sessions. This volume contains almost all (89) of those contributions. They are followed by discussions which took place after each verbal presentation. Since the availability of the discussions was left to the individual contributors, they are not complete, but those contained in this volume convey some idea of the nature of the exchanges.
Written by a leading expert, this monograph presents recent developments on supernova remnants, with the inclusion of results from various satellites and ground-based instruments. The book details the physics and evolution of supernova remnants, as well as provides an up-to-date account of recent multiwavelength results. Supernova remnants provide vital clues about the actual supernova explosions from X-ray spectroscopy of the supernova material, or from the imprints the progenitors had on the ambient medium supernova remnants are interacting with - all of which the author discusses in great detail. The way in which supernova remnants are classified, is reviewed and explained early on. A chapter is devoted to the related topic of pulsar wind nebulae, and neutron stars associated with supernova remnants. The book also includes an extended part on radiative processes, collisionless shock physics and cosmic-ray acceleration, making this book applicable to a wide variety of astronomical sub-disciplines. With its coverage of fundamental physics and careful review of the state of the field, the book serves as both textbook for advanced students and as reference for researchers in the field.
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts aims to present a comprehensive documen tation of the literature concerning all aspects of astronomy, astrophysics, and their border fields. It is devoted to the recording, summarizing, and indexing of the relevant publications throughout the world. Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts is prepared by a special department of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union. Volume 34 records literature published in 1983 and received before February 17, 1984. Some older documents which we received late and which are not surveyed in earlier volumes are included too. We acknowledge with thanks contributions of our colleagues all over the world. We also express our gratitude to all organiza tions, observatories, and publishers which provide us with complimentary copies of their publications. Starting with Volume 33, all the recording, correction, and data processing work was done by means of computers. The recording was done by our technical staff members Ms. Helga Ballmann, Ms. Mona El-Choura and Ms. Monika Kohl. Mr. Martin Schlotelburg and Mr. Ulrich Oberall supported our task by careful proofreading. It is a pleasure to thank them all for their encouragement. Heidelberg, March 1984 The Editors Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . Concordance Relation: ICSU-AB-AAA 3 Abbreviations 10 Periodicals, Proceedings, Books, Activities 001 Periodicals . . . . . . . . . . . 15 002 Bibliographical Publications, Documentation, Catalogues, Atlases 50 003 Books ...... . 58 004 History of Astronomy 67 005 Biography . . 71 006 Personal Notes 73 007 Obituaries . . .
X-ray spectra were obtained from fields in three supernova remnants with the solid state spectrometer of the HEAO 2 satellite. These spectra, which contain lines from K-shell transitions of several abundant elements with atomic numbers between 10 and 22, were compared with various models, including some of spectra that would be produced by adiabatic phase remnants when the time-dependence of the ionization is considered.
Capturing the excitement and accomplishments of X-ray astronomy, this second edition now includes a broader range of astronomical phenomena and dramatic new results from the most powerful X-ray telescopes. Covering all areas of astronomical research, ranging from the smallest to the largest objects, from neutron stars to clusters of galaxies, this textbook is ideal for undergraduate students. Each chapter starts with the basic aspects of the topic, explores the history of discoveries, and examines in detail modern observations and their significance. This new edition has been updated with results from the most recent space-based instruments, including ROSAT, BeppoSAX, ASCA, Chandra, and XMM. New chapters cover X-ray emission processes, the interstellar medium, the Solar System, and gamma-ray bursts. The text is supported by over 300 figures, with tables listing the properties of the sources, and more specialized technical points separated in boxes.
Gamma ray astronomy, the branch of high energy astrophysics that studies the sky in energetic ?-ray photons, is destined to play a crucial role in the exploration of nonthermal phenomena in the Universe in their most extreme and violent forms. The great potential of this discipline offers impressive coverage of many OC hot topicsOCO of modern astrophysics and cosmology, such as the origin of galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays, particle acceleration and radiation processes under extreme astrophysical conditions, and the search for dark matter."
This book is a collation of the contributions presented at a major conference on isolated neutron stars held in London in April 2006. Forty years after the discovery of radio pulsars it presents an up-to-date description of the new vision of isolated neutron stars that has emerged in recent years. The great variety of isolated neutron stars, from pulsars to magnetars, is well covered by descriptions of recent observational results and presentations of the latest theoretical interpretation of these data.
It was about fourteen years ago that some of us became intrigued with the idea of searching the sky for X-ray and gamma-ray sources other than the Sun, the only celestial emitter of high-energy photons known at that time. It was, of course, clear that an effort in this direction would not have been successful unless there occurred, somewhere in space, processes capable of producing high-energy photons much more efficiently than the processes responsible for the radiative emission of the Sun or of ordinary stars. The possible existence of such processes became the subject of much study and discussion. As an important part of this activity, I wish to recall a one-day conference on X-ray astronomy held at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in 1960. The theoretical predictions did not provide much encouragement. While several 'unusual' celestial objects were pin-pointed as possible, or even likely, sources of X-rays, it did not look as if any of them would be strong enough to be observable with instru mentation not too far beyond the state of the art. Fortunately, we did not allow our selves to be dissuaded. As far as I am personally concerned, I must admit that my main motivation for pressing forward was a deep-seated faith in the boundless re sourcefulness of nature, which so often leaves the most daring imagination of man far behind.
x about a sequence of reVlew lectures, each followed by contributed talks and discussions. The opening session was devoted to reviewing the most recent results concerning the determination of chemical abundances in particularly inte resting objects providing direct evidence for stellar nucleosynthesis (like planetary nebulae, supernovae and supernova remnants). In Session 2 recent results on some relevant nuclear reaction rates have been presented. Session 3 grouped the contributions concerning the quasi-static evolution of normal stars, its relevance for the nucleosynthesis of the varlOUS elements and isotopes, and the comparison of the evolutionary models with the observations. Session 4 addressed the important questions of identifying the precursors of both Type I and Type II supernovae, and of determining the detailed composition of the ejecta by explosive nucleosynthesis associated with these events. Finally, Session 5 was devoted to a presentation of recent calculations of the evolution of hypothetical pre-galactic very massive objects (in cluding their potential role in pre-galactic nucleosynthesis), and to reviewing the progress that has been made in understanding the chemical evolution of galaxies. The discussion during and after talks was spirited and contributed signi ficantly to the succes of the workshop. We regrett for not having been able of reporting it "in toto" in the proceedings. Nevertheless, we hope that what has been recorded may still give to the reader at least part of the excitement we have experienced during the ten days of the workshop.