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Publisher Description
A review of the literature on learning strategies, describing and classifying learning strategies in second language learning.
The scope of individual learner differences is broad, yet there is no current, comprehensive, and unified volume that provides an overview of the considerable amount of research conducted on various language learner differences, until now.
Literature Review from the year 2017 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 76.2, Kenyatta University, language: English, abstract: Student learning styles and second language acquisition is a sensible process where one learns of another language than of his or her first language. This process takes place after one has already gained the first language. Therefore, when studying the second language the learner can also find the language to be the third, forth or fifth in his or her studies. The first language is the first language a person learns immediately after he or she is born. Caregivers or parents that surround an individual when he or she is born mostly teach this language. Like the second language, learning one can also have more than one language at the same time. The author gives a brief overview on 11 recent studies on the subject.
This book contributes to the body of knowledge concerning individual learner differences by addressing the issue of learning styles in developing a second language. It comprises five chapters. The notion of style, together with its place among other individual differences and its relation to learning strategies, is presented in Chapter 1. The reasons for researching styles are also delineated in this chapter. Chapter 2 describes simple (one-dimensional) models of learning styles, contrary to Chapter 3, in which two-dimensional (compound) models are presented. Multi-dimensional (complex) models of learning styles are the focus of Chapter 4. Each model discussed in Chapters 2 through 4 is accompanied by an outline of its significance to second language educators, as demonstrated in earlier studies. The final, fifth chapter is devoted to the discussion of the practical exploitation of the learning style awareness in second language education. The options suggested include accommodating learners’ styles, stretching them (by exposing the students to the less familiar and less preferred options), and mixtures of both approaches. The book will be of interest to applied linguists, psycholinguists and language teaching practitioners, as well as tertiary level students interested in finding out the ways in which learning styles account for linguistic achievement.
Understanding the way in which learners differ from one another is of fundamental concern to those involved in second-language acquisition, either as researchers or teachers. This account is the first to review at book length the important research into differences, considering matters such as aptitude, motivation, learner strategies, personality and interaction between learner characteristics and types of instruction.
This new volume of work highlights the distinctiveness of child SLA through a collection of different types of empirical research specific to younger learners. Characteristics of children’s cognitive, emotional, and social development distinguish their experiences from those of adult L2 learners, creating intriguing issues for SLA research, and also raising important practical questions regarding effective pedagogical techniques for learners of different ages. While child SLA is often typically thought of as simple (and often enjoyable and universally effortless), in other words, as “child’s play”, the complex portraits of young second language learners which emerge in the 16 papers collected in this book invite the reader to reconsider the reality for many younger learners. Chapters by internationally renowned authors together with reports by emerging researchers describe second and foreign language learning by children ranging from pre-schoolers to young adolescents, in home and school contexts, with caregivers, peers, and teachers as interlocutors.
Beginning from the conflict between individual learner differences and the institutionalized, often inflexible character of formal language instruction, Individual Learner Differences in SLA addresses the fact that despite this apparent conflict, ultimate success in learning a language is widespread. Starting with theoretically-based chapters, the book follows the thread of learner differences through sections devoted to learner autonomy; differentiated application of learning strategies; diagnostic studies of experienced learners’ management of the learning process; and reports on phonological attainment and development of language skills. Rather than providing an overview of all individual variables, the book reveals how some of them shape and affect the processes of language acquisition and use in particular settings.
This book is the first study to examine how interactional style develops within the walls of a foreign language classroom in the first two years of language study. Results show learners to be highly sensitive to pragmatic information and that learners can move toward an appropriate interactional style through classroom interactive experience. The book shows how learners are most often sources who offer assistance and correction, with errors serving most often to stimulate further thinking about what form is correct. Analysis shows learners to be active in seeking corrective information in the classroom setting, not only from peer partners but also from the teacher. They are active in noticing how the teacher's utterances--even when addressed to others--contrast with their own, and utilize corrective feedback intended for other students. In addition, the results show that teacher-initiated corrective feedback addressed to individual learners is only one source of corrective feedback. Learners are shown to be active in both teacher-fronted and peer interactive settings. In newer L2 teaching methodologies which focus on the use of peer interactive tasks, the teacher's role has been de-emphasized. This book, however, shows how important the teacher's role is. The final chapter examines how the teacher can act to maximize the benefits of peer interactive tasks through how they design tasks and present them to the class. First, the chapter looks at how learners use English--their L1--in the classroom, concluding that how teachers present activities to the class has an impact on the amount of L1 used by students during peer interaction. Following up on this finding, the chapter works to address questions that teachers face in lesson planning and teaching. It presents a useful list of questions teachers can ask when designing peer interactive tasks in order to maximize the effectiveness of a wide variety of language learning tasks.