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Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is carried out to improve fracture toughness and to remove residual stress in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). There are some problems, such as a toughness decrease and stress-relief cracking (SRC) in the coarse-grained HAZ subject to the effect of the tempering treatment. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of the heating rate and heat input on PWHT embrittlement under applied stresses of 0, 98, 196, and 294 MPa (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg/mm2), applied to simulate residual stress in the welded HAZ of chromium-molybdenum (Cr-Mo) steel was evaluated using the crack-opening displacement (COD) fracture toughness test and observation of the fracture surfaces. The fracture toughness of welded HAZ decreased with an increase in the heating rate under no stress, but it improved with an increase in the heating rate under stress. Applied stress in welded HAZ during PWHT assisted precipitation of oversaturated alloying elements in the structure, so grain boundary failure from the welding heat input was barely evident at a heat input of 10 kJ/cm and a heating rate of 600°C/h, but it appeared at an applied stress of 294 MPa at 30 kJ/cm and 220°C/h and of 196 MPa at 40 kJ/cm and 60°C/h.
Fifteen papers from a symposium held in Sparks, Nev., April 1988. They cover: low and high cycle fatigue, fatigue crack growth, corrosion fatigue, fracture toughness testing, and wide-plate testing. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
A study has been made of the effects of time, temperature, and repeated PWHT cycles on the strength, toughness and residual stress levels in a continuously cast C-Mn-Nb-Al steel.
"The Complete Guide to Post Weld Heat Treatment PWHT: Standards, Procedures, Applications, and Interview Q&A" is an essential resource for engineers, welders, inspectors, and technicians involved in post-weld heat treatment (PWHT). This PWHT book covers everything you need to know about PWHT, including the historical background, purpose and benefits, materials and welding methods that require PWHT, PWHT methods, temperature and time requirements, cooling methods, process control and monitoring, applications, effects of PWHT, standards and codes related to PWHT, quality control and assurance, PWHT interview questions and answers, health and safety, and future directions in PWHT. This weld heat treatment guidebook provides detailed information on the different types of materials that require PWHT, welding methods, and defects that PWHT can mitigate. It also covers the microstructural changes during PWHT, mechanical properties affected by PWHT, residual stresses and distortion, environmental effects, inspection and testing methods, and personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements. "Post Weld Heat Treatment book" is a valuable reference for professionals in the oil and gas, nuclear, aerospace, and other industries requiring PWHT. With clear and concise explanations, step-by-step procedures, and helpful illustrations, this post-weld heat treatment book is a must-have for anyone looking to improve their knowledge and skills in PWHT.
An updated, revised and expanded version of Professor Burdekin's earlier work of the same title, this book explains this branch of thermal engineering in clear, practical terms. It concentrates on steels - the most predominant engineering media - and is essential reading for all those involved in the study or practice of welding high performance steel structures.
This handbook provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of welding technology as applied to large structures and process plant. The author takes account of the increasing necessity for engineers at all levels to be aware of problems such as fatigue failure and provides advice.