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This book examines how small immigrant groups created a community for themselves if they could never control their own piece of the city, an ethnic ghetto, in which all or nearly all residents shared the same Old Country home. For many immigrants, community was not geographically circumscribed. Creative means existed for drawing widely dispersed people back into an institutionally based community centered on churches, social clubs, fraternal societies, and sporting leagues.
This book is the second in a three-part, multi-authored study of Polish American history which aims to present the history of Polish Americans in the United States from the beginning of Polish presence on the continent to the current times, shown against a broad historical background of developments in Poland, the United States and other locations of the Polish Diaspora. According to the 2010 US Census, there are 9.5 million persons who identify themselves as Polish Americans in the United States, making them the eighth largest ethnic group in the country today. Polish Americans, or Polonia for short, has always been one of the largest immigrant and ethnic groups and the largest Slavic group in America. Despite that, common knowledge about its social and political life, culture and economy is still inadequate – in Academia and among the Polish Americans themselves. The book discusses the major themes in Polish American history, such as organizational life and the structure of the community facing subsequent waves of immigration from Poland, its leadership and political involvement in Polish and American affairs, as well as living and working conditions, and the everyday life of families and communities, their culture, ethnic identity and relations with the broadly understood American society, starting from the outbreak of World War 2 in Poland in September, 1939, and ending with the highlights of the 21st-century developments. It depicts Polish Americans’ transition from a ‘minority’ through ‘ethnic’ group to Americans who take pride in their symbolic ethnicity, maintained intentionally and manifested occasionally. This volume will be of great value to students and scholars alike interested in Polish and American History and Social and Cultural History.
An illustrated history of the Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, paired with histories of the local companies.
For Irish Americans as well as for Chicago's other ethnic groups, the local parish once formed the nucleus of daily life. Focusing on the parish of St. Sabina's in the southwest Chicago neighborhood of Auburn-Gresham, Eileen McMahon takes a penetrating look at the response of Catholic ethnics to life in twentieth-century America. She reveals the role the parish church played in achieving a cohesive and vital ethnic neighborhood and shows how ethno-religious distinctions gave way to racial differences as a central point of identity and conflict. For most of this century the parish served as an important mechanism for helping Irish Catholics cope with a dominant Protestant-American culture. Anti-Catholicism in the society at large contributed to dependency on parishes and to a desire for separateness from the American mainstream. As much as Catholics may have wanted to insulate themselves in their parish communities, however, Chicago demographics and the fluid nature of the larger society made this ultimately impossible. Despite efforts at integration attempted by St. Sabina's liberal clergy, white parishioners viewed black migration into their neighborhood as a threat to their way of life and resisted it even as they relocated to the suburbs. The transition from white to black neighborhoods and parishes is a major theme of twentieth-century urban history. The experience of St. Sabina's, which changed from a predominantly Irish parish to a vibrant African-American Catholic community, provides insights into this social trend and suggests how the interplay between faith and ethnicity contributes to a resistance to change.
This extensively illustrated, 240-page volume documents the long and colorful history of streetcar transportation in the city of New Orleans. This reprint of a 1965 volume, written by the two leading authorities on the subject, represents the complete work on the subject of New Orleans traction and urban railways. Featured are sections on early city transportation, and the golden era of electric traction (1893-1926), along with technical aspects, trackage, and mileage routes. A series of maps pinpoints, for traction enthusiasts, the locations of tracks no longer extant and provides information on companies that once operated the network of rails. Also included is a special section on the types of cars that were used throughout the traction era. Authors Hennick and Charlton also have collaborated on a companion volume to this work, Street Railways of Louisiana , also published by Pelican.