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This process-oriented study was organized to investigate three complementary aspects of channel stability including: (a) the nature of channel failure processes; (b) the influences of valley-fill depositional units on these processes; and (c) the properties and distributions of the valley-fill units. The study included the near-surface geologic investigation, investigation of the late-Quaternary valley-fill deposits, and channel morphometric investigations. The properties and distributions of the valley-fill units directly and indirectly influence the nature of channel failure processes. Although gravity-induced failure is the most frequent form of present-day bank instability, the type of gravity failure is dependent upon the properties of the valley-fill units. Both depositional and weathering properties influence the type of failure. The valley-fill units indirectly influence bank stability through their control of groundwater movement and the development of unusually large seepage forces at point-locations along the channels. Bed instability has primarily resulted from upstream migration of knickpoints and the rate of knickpoint migration has been affected by (valley-fill) unit controls. Present drainage systems in the study area are immature; channel morphometry has not adjusted at this time to the new flow regime resultant from cultural and natural changes.
Since effective streambank protection measures are costly to install, a determined effort should be made to use vegetation because it is the most readily available material and is relatively inexpensive to obtain. Vegetation greatly reduces the hydraulic forces on the bank and provides other esthetic and environmental advantages over other methods of stabilization. This report describes a series of streambank vegetative studies located on the channels of Johnson, Goodwin and Peters Creek in Panola County near Batesville, Mississippi. On Johnson Creek, there are four sites; two of them use vegetation in conjunction with bank shaping and structural materials, the other two sites use vegetation in conjunction with structural devices without bank shaping. The site of Goodwin Creek uses vegetation in conjunction with bank shaping--with and without structural materials. The Peters Creek sites use woody vegetation in conjunction with structural devices without bank shaping. Criteria used in the design of the combined vegetative and structural projects are presented along with a detailed description of the project sites. Since these type studies require several years to evaluate, only preliminary results are presented and many of them are based on previous experience.
A laboratory study of the development of equilibrium channels.