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Toxicity against tissue stem cells (TSCs) is a major problem in drug development and environmental health science. Despite their essential function in all human cellular tissues, the nature of tissue stem cells is not fully understood. The small fraction of stem cells in tissues and the lack of specific biomarkers for their quantification present a formidable challenge to developing tools for their study and assays that can identify stem cell-toxic agents. Human Stem Cell Toxicology reveals TSC toxicity as a biomedical reality that is now well under siege by newly emerging ideas and technologies, despite these challenges. Chapters consider stem cell toxicity by environmental agents, pharmaceutical drug candidates, and marketed therapeutic medicines with adverse side effects. New insights to cellular, molecular, biochemical and chemical mechanisms of human tissue stem cell toxicity are brought together. Experimental and theoretical treatments are of specific topics, including approaches to monitoring TSC function, newly discovered TSC types and TSC toxicity resistance mechanisms are covered by expert authors. This book informs and champions the continued development of innovative technologies to predict the TSC toxicity of compounds before their use, whether in patients or the environment, by addressing emerging new cell-based approaches and concepts for technical innovation. This publication will be a useful reference for postgraduate students and researchers working in toxicology, pharmaceutical science, tissue cell biology and stem cell biology.
A comprehensive and authoritative compilation of up-to-date developments in stem cell research and its use in toxicology and medicine Presented by internationally recognized investigators in this exciting field of scientific research Provides an insight into the current trends and future directions of research in this rapidly developing new field A valuable and excellent source of authoritative and up-to-date information for researchers, toxicologists, drug industry, risk assessors and regulators in academia, industry and government
The advances of live cell video imaging and high-throughput technologies for functional and chemical genomics provide unprecedented opportunities to understand how biological processes work in subcellularand multicellular systems. The interdisciplinary research field of Video Bioinformatics is defined by BirBhanu as the automated processing, analysis, understanding, data mining, visualization, query-basedretrieval/storage of biological spatiotemporal events/data and knowledge extracted from dynamic imagesand microscopic videos. Video bioinformatics attempts to provide a deeper understanding of continuousand dynamic life processes.Genome sequences alone lack spatial and temporal information, and video imaging of specific moleculesand their spatiotemporal interactions, using a range of imaging methods, are essential to understandhow genomes create cells, how cells constitute organisms, and how errant cells cause disease. The bookexamines interdisciplinary research issues and challenges with examples that deal with organismal dynamics,intercellular and tissue dynamics, intracellular dynamics, protein movement, cell signaling and softwareand databases for video bioinformatics.Topics and Features• Covers a set of biological problems, their significance, live-imaging experiments, theory andcomputational methods, quantifiable experimental results and discussion of results.• Provides automated methods for analyzing mild traumatic brain injury over time, identifying injurydynamics after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia and visualizing cortical tissue changes during seizureactivity as examples of organismal dynamics• Describes techniques for quantifying the dynamics of human embryonic stem cells with examplesof cell detection/segmentation, spreading and other dynamic behaviors which are important forcharacterizing stem cell health• Examines and quantifies dynamic processes in plant and fungal systems such as cell trafficking,growth of pollen tubes in model systems such as Neurospora Crassa and Arabidopsis• Discusses the dynamics of intracellular molecules for DNA repair and the regulation of cofilintransport using video analysis• Discusses software, system and database aspects of video bioinformatics by providing examples of5D cell tracking by FARSIGHT open source toolkit, a survey on available databases and software,biological processes for non-verbal communications and identification and retrieval of moth imagesThis unique text will be of great interest to researchers and graduate students of Electrical Engineering,Computer Science, Bioengineering, Cell Biology, Toxicology, Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, ComputerVision and Pattern Recognition, Medical Image Analysis, and Cell Molecular and Developmental Biology.The large number of example applications will also appeal to application scientists and engineers.Dr. Bir Bhanu is Distinguished Professor of Electrical & C omputer Engineering, Interim Chair of theDepartment of Bioengineering, Cooperative Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, and MechanicalEngineering and the Director of the Center for Research in Intelligent Systems, at the University of California,Riverside, California, USA.Dr. Prue Talbot is Professor of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Director of the Stem Cell Center and Core atthe University of California Riverside, California, USA.
Defined as, “The science about the development of an embryo from the fertilization of the ovum to the fetus stage,” embryology has been a mainstay at universities throughout the world for many years. Throughout the last century, embryology became overshadowed by experimental-based genetics and cell biology, transforming the field into developmental biology, which replaced embryology in Biology departments in many universities. Major contributions in this young century in the fields of molecular biology, biochemistry and genomics were integrated with both embryology and developmental biology to provide an understanding of the molecular portrait of a “development cell.” That new integrated approach is known as stem-cell biology; it is an understanding of the embryology and development together at the molecular level using engineering, imaging and cell culture principles, and it is at the heart of this seminal book. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: From Molecular Embryology to Tissue Engineering is completely devoted to the basic developmental, cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells as well as their clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It focuses on the basic biology of embryonic and cancer cells plus their key involvement in self-renewal, muscle repair, epigenetic processes, and therapeutic applications. In addition, it covers other key relevant topics such as nuclear reprogramming induced pluripotency and stem cell culture techniques using novel biomaterials. A thorough introduction to stem-cell biology, this reference is aimed at graduate students, post-docs, and professors as well as executives and scientists in biotech and pharmaceutical companies.
As a guide for pharmaceutical professionals to the issues and practices of drug discovery toxicology, this book integrates and reviews the strategy and application of tools and methods at each step of the drug discovery process. • Guides researchers as to what drug safety experiments are both practical and useful • Covers a variety of key topics – safety lead optimization, in vitro-in vivo translation, organ toxicology, ADME, animal models, biomarkers, and –omics tools • Describes what experiments are possible and useful and offers a view into the future, indicating key areas to watch for new predictive methods • Features contributions from firsthand industry experience, giving readers insight into the strategy and execution of predictive toxicology practices
A discussion of all the key issues in the use of human pluripotent stem cells for treating degenerative diseases or for replacing tissues lost from trauma. On the practical side, the topics range from the problems of deriving human embryonic stem cells and driving their differentiation along specific lineages, regulating their development into mature cells, and bringing stem cell therapy to clinical trials. Regulatory issues are addressed in discussions of the ethical debate surrounding the derivation of human embryonic stem cells and the current policies governing their use in the United States and abroad, including the rules and conditions regulating federal funding and questions of intellectual property.
Perinatal Stem Cells provides researchers and clinicians with a comprehensive description of the current clinical and pre-clinical applications of stem cells derived from perinatal sources, such as amniotic fluid, placenta and placental membranes, the umbilical cord and Wharton's jelly. It's compiled by leading experts in the field, offering readers detailed insights into sources of perinatal stem cells and their potential for disease treatment. Therapeutic applications of perinatal stem cells include the treatment of in utero and pregnancy related diseases, cardiac disease, liver disease, pulmonary disease, inflammatory diseases, for hematopoietic regeneration, and for neural protection after stroke or traumatic brain injury. In addition, the rapid advance in clinical translation and commercialization of perinatal stem cell therapies is highlighted in a section on Clinical and Industry Perspective which provides insight into the new opportunities and challenges involved in this novel and exciting industry. - Explores current clinical and pre-clinical application of stem cells derived from perinatal sources - Offers detailed insight into sources of perinatal stem cells and their potential for disease treatment - Discusses progress in the manufacturing, banking and clinical translation of perinatal stem cells - Edited by a world-renowned team to present a complete story of the development and promise of perinatal stem cells
Virtually any disease that results from malfunctioning, damaged, or failing tissues may be potentially cured through regenerative medicine therapies, by either regenerating the damaged tissues in vivo, or by growing the tissues and organs in vitro and implanting them into the patient. Principles of Regenerative Medicine discusses the latest advances in technology and medicine for replacing tissues and organs damaged by disease and of developing therapies for previously untreatable conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, and renal failure. - Key for all researchers and instituions in Stem Cell Biology, Bioengineering, and Developmental Biology - The first of its kind to offer an advanced understanding of the latest technologies in regenerative medicine - New discoveries from leading researchers on restoration of diseased tissues and organs
This volume presents up-to-date methods that allow primary stem cells from a variety of sources to be isolated, cultured in vitro, detected and measured for specific applications. These applications range from those in basic, stem cell and veterinary research to toxicology, cellular therapy and regenerative medicine. There is a slight bias towards the blood-forming system as more is known about the blood-forming or hematopoietic system than any other primary stem cell system. These unique properties and characteristics are discussed and examined, mostly at the cellular level and in detail in this book. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Stem Cell Protocols provides novices with the fundamentals necessary to develop new technologies necessary for basic and clinical research in the future, and will aid professionals in finding new methodologies to provide a wider viewpoint and an even greater scope for their own research.
Engineering Strategies for Regenerative Medicine considers how engineering strategies can be applied to accelerate advances in regenerative medicine. The book provides relevant and up-to-date content on key topics, including the interdisciplinary integration of different aspects of stem cell biology and technology, diverse technologies, and their applications. By providing massive amounts of data on each individual, recent scientific advances are rapidly accelerating medicine. Cellular, molecular and genetic parameters from biological samples combined with clinical information can now provide valuable data to scientists, clinicians and ultimately patients, leading to the development of precision medicine. Equally noteworthy are the contributions of stem cell biology, bioengineering and tissue engineering that unravel the mechanisms of disease, regeneration and development. - Considers how engineering strategies can accelerate novel advances in regenerative medicine - Takes an interdisciplinary approach, integrating different aspects of research, technology and application - Provides up-to-date coverage on this rapidly developing area of medicine - Presents insights from an experienced and cross-disciplinary group of researchers and practitioners with close links to industry