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This report contains the complete and objective tabulation of the similarities and dissimilarities between two sets of standards. The seventeen volumes of the American Bar Association's standards for criminal justice are the result of a project characterized by Chief Justice Warren E Burger as " ... the single most comprehensive - indeed, the most monumental - ever undertaken by the American legal professional in its 200 year history ..." The project was designed to promulgate suggested guidelines to assist the 50 states and federal government in overhauling, updating, simplifying, and strengthening their criminal justice systems. The six volumes of the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals document that group's plan for crime reduction at the state and local level. This comparative analysis, conducted by the American Bar Association's section on criminal justice, determined that in many respects, the two sets of standards are parallel. For example, both are designed to diagnose and treat serious ills of the nation's criminal justice system, both span the entire system with corrective actions based at the state and local levels, and both sets of standards are offered in a suggested, rather than mandatory form. In addition, a significant consensus in principle can be gleaned from the reports of the projects. Consequently, both studies will often be examined and compared by the same individuals and groups in each jurisdiction. To facilitate easy comparison, this volume presents a complete and objective tabulation of the similarities and dissimilarities between the two sets of standards. It will provide a helpful tool for those planning appropriate implementation efforts in the criminal justice system at all levels of government.
This assessment of the technical quality and relevance of the programs of the Measurement and Standards Laboratories of the National Institute of Standards and Technology is the work of the 165 members of the National Research Council's (NRC's) Board on Assessment of NIST Programs and its panels. These individuals were chosen by the NRC for their technical expertise, their practical experience in running research programs, and their knowledge of industry's needs in basic measurements and standards. This assessment addresses the following: The technical merit of the laboratory programs relative to the state of the art worldwide; The effectiveness with which the laboratory programs are carried out and the results disseminated to their customers; The relevance of the laboratory programs to the needs of their customers; and The ability of the laboratories' facilities, equipment, and human resources to enable the laboratories to fulfill their mission and meet their customers' needs.
Providing a catalogue of suggested solutions for different categories of issues, this book offers a balanced overview and methodological examples for the practical implementation of the CRA. It considers CRA in the USA, Europe and Germany, using case studies to analyze and exemplify the decision-making processes and challenges involved. The authors then go on to look at the practical lessons learned from these case studies, together with an in-depth discussion of the underlying scientific hypotheses. Sound scientific knowledge for everyone who makes decisions, whether government ministers, regulators, or company directors.