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Spin physics is one of the most important and active areas of theoretical/experimental nuclear physics. In nuclear reactions, the observations of spin polarizations give important clues to the nuclear structures and reaction mechanism. For high energy nuclear physics, the polarized quark-parton distributions of the nucleon/nucleus are studied intensively. In the study of baryon structures and nuclear astrophysics, spin is an important observable through hadron reactions.The focus of these proceedings is on the spin-dependent phenomena in nuclear and hadronic reactions and related topics in nuclear and hadron physics. The main subjects covered are: Spin polarization phenomena in nuclear and hadronic reactions; spin-dependent excitations in nuclei and spin observables; recent development in nuclear reaction theories; spin-dependent phenomena in fundamental processes; related topics
Spin physics is one of the most important and active areas of theoretical/experimental nuclear physics. In nuclear reactions, the observations of spin polarizations give important clues to the nuclear structures and reaction mechanism. For high energy nuclear physics, the polarized quark-parton distributions of the nucleon/nucleus are studied intensively. In the study of baryon structures and nuclear astrophysics, spin is an important observable through hadron reactions. The focus of these proceedings is on the spin-dependent phenomena in nuclear and hadronic reactions and related topics in nuclear and hadron physics. The main subjects covered are: spin polarization phenomena in nuclear and hadronic reactions; spin-dependent excitations in nuclei and spin observables; recent development in nuclear reaction theories; spin-dependent phenomena in fundamental processes; and related topics.
This volume contains the proceedings of an International Conference on "Spin and Isospin in Nuclear Interactions", which was held in Telluride, Colorado USA, 11-15 March 1991. This was the fifth in a series of conferences held in Telluride every three years since 1979. In attendance at the conference were just under 100 participants, representing a total of 43 institutes from 12 different countries. In keeping with previous Telluride conferences, the role of spin and isospin degrees of freedom in both nuclear structure and nuclear interactions remained an important theme. Topics covered included new results on the spin- and isospin-dependent terms in the free and effective nucleon-nucleon interaction, Gamow-Teller excitations, charge and spin exchange with hadronic probes, and spin measurements with leptonic probes. Recent progress in the development of polarized sources, polarized targets, and po larimetry was also discussed, as were applications to neutrino physics and astrophysics. Whereas earlier Telluride conferences had dealt primarily with nucleon-nucleus inter actions, this meeting included extensive discussions on the role of spin and flavor in particle interactions, and on ways of "bridging the gap" between concepts usually as sociated with particle physics and the domain of more conventional nuclear physics. The conference consisted of morning and evening scientific sessions, leaving the afternoons free for informal discussions, recreation, and enjoyment of the scenic beauty of the Telluride area. In addition to the invited talks, time was allotted for contributed talks on new results.
Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.
The 14th RCNP OSAKA International Symposium on Nuclear Reaction Dynamics of Nucleon-Hadron Many Body System was held in Osaka from December 6 to 9, 1995. The symposium covered current topics from Nucleon Spins and Mesons in Nuclei to Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics. Thus it included the field of hadron/nuclear physics from sub-GeV to multi-GeV energy region, as well as recent activities and development at RCNP. It was also intended to be a kind of winter school for young researchers/graduate students.This proceedings consists of the invited talks and lectures presented by leading physicists in the field and short oral presentations.
The notion of transversity in hadronic physics has been with us for over 25 years. Intriguing though it might have been, for much of that time transversity remained an intangible and remote object, of interest principally to a few theoreticians. In recent years transversity and transverse-spin effects in general have grown as both theoretical and experimental areas of active research. This increasing attention has now matured into a thriving field with a driving force of its own. The ever-growing bulk of data on asymmetries in collisions involving transversely polarised hadrons demands a more solid and coherent theoretical basis for its description. Indeed, it now appears rather clear that transversity and other closely related properties play a significant role in such phenomena. As part of a Ministry-funded inter-university Research Project, this workshop was organised to gather together experimentalists and theoreticians engaged in investigating the nature of transverse spin in hadronic physics, with the intent of favouring the exchange of up-to-date theoretical and experimental ideas and news on the subject. Over 70 physicists took part and very nearly all the major experiments involved in transverse-spin studies were officially represented, as too were the main theory groups working in the field. New results and new analyses sparked many interesting and lively discussions. Contents: Transversity (M Anselmino); Lambda Asymmetries (A Ferrero); Studies of Transverse Spin Effects at JLab (H Avakian et al.); Spin Filtering in Storage Rings (N N Nikolaev & F F Pavlov); Time Reversal Odd Distribution Functions in Chiral Models (A Drago); Quark and Gluon Sivers Functions (I Schmidt); Comparing Extractions of Sivers Functions (M Anselmino et al.); T-Odd Effects in Unpolarized Drell-Yan Scattering (G R Goldstein & L P Gamberg); Relations Between Single and Double Transverse Asymmetries (O V Teryaev); The Quark-Quark Correlator: Theory and Phenomenology (E Di Salvo); and other papers. Readership: Researchers in nuclear and particle physics.
Nuclei and nuclear reactions offer a unique setting for investigating three (and in some cases even all four) of the fundamental forces in nature. Nuclei have been shown – mainly by performing scattering experiments with electrons, muons and neutrinos – to be extended objects with complex internal structures: constituent quarks; gluons, whose exchange binds the quarks together; sea-quarks, the ubiquitous virtual quark-antiquark pairs and last but not least, clouds of virtual mesons, surrounding an inner nuclear region, their exchange being the source of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The interplay between the (mostly attractive) hadronic nucleon-nucleon interaction and the repulsive Coulomb force is responsible for the existence of nuclei; their degree of stability, expressed in the details and limits of the chart of nuclides; their rich structure and the variety of their interactions. Despite the impressive successes of the classical nuclear models and of ab-initio approaches, there is clearly no end in sight for either theoretical or experimental developments as shown e.g. by the recent need to introduce more sophisticated three-body interactions to account for an improved picture of nuclear structure and reactions. Yet, it turns out that the internal structure of the nucleons has comparatively little influence on the behavior of the nucleons in nuclei and nuclear physics – especially nuclear structure and reactions – is thus a field of science in its own right, without much recourse to subnuclear degrees of freedom. This book collects essential material that was presented in the form of lectures notes in nuclear physics courses for graduate students at the University of Cologne. It follows the course's approach, conveying the subject matter by combining experimental facts and experimental methods and tools with basic theoretical knowledge. Emphasis is placed on the importance of spin and orbital angular momentum (leading e.g. to applications in energy research, such as fusion with polarized nuclei) and on the operational definition of observables in nuclear physics. The end-of-chapter problems serve above all to elucidate and detail physical ideas that could not be presented in full detail in the main text. Readers are assumed to have a working knowledge of quantum mechanics and a basic grasp of both non-relativistic and relativistic kinematics; the latter in particular is a prerequisite for interpreting nuclear reactions and the connections to particle and high-energy physics.
Straddling the traditional disciplines of nuclear and particle physics, hadron physics is a vital and extremely active research area, as evidenced by a 2004 Nobel prize and new research facilities, such as that scheduled to open at CERN. Scientifically it is of vital importance in extrapolating our knowledge of quark-gluon physics at the sub-nucleon level to provide a wider perspective of strongly interacting hadrons, which make up the vast bulk of known matter in the Universe. Through detailed, pedagogical chapters contributed by key international experts, Hadron Physics maps out our contemporary knowledge of the subject. It covers both the theoretical and experimental aspects of hadron structure and properties along with a wide range of specific research topics, results, and applications. Providing a full picture of activity in the field, the book highlights three particular areas of current research: computational lattice hadron physics, the structure and dynamics of hadrons, and generalized parton distributions. It provides a solid introduction, includes background theory, and presents the current state of understanding of the subject.