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Solidification is one of the oldest processes for producing useful implements and remains one of the most important modern commercial processes. This text describes the fundamentals of the technology in a coherent way, using consistent notation.
Papers from a March 2004 symposium describe recent work in solidification processes and microstructures in the areas of mushy zone dynamics, rapid solidification, and phase field modeling. Some specific topics include kinetics of dendritic mushy zones, anisotropy effects in lamellar eutectic growth, network modeling of liquid metal transport in solidifying aluminum alloys, and the topology of coarsened microstructures. Other topics include diffuse solid-liquid interfaces and solute trapping, phase selection transitions during undercooled melt solidification, dendritic growth in confined spaces, the influence of foreign particles in the formation of polycrystalline solidification patterns, and a cellular automaton for growth of solutal dendrites. Annotation : 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Solidification is one of the oldest processes for producing complex shapes for applications ranging from art to industry, and remains as one of the most important commercial processes for many materials. Since the 1980s, numerous fundamental developments in the understanding of solidification processes and microstructure formation have come from both analytical theories and the application of computational techniques using commonly available powerful computers. This book integrates these developments in a comprehensive volume that also presents and places them in the context of more classical theories. This second edition highlights the key concepts within each chapter to help guide the reader through the most important aspects of the topics. The figures are now in color, in order to improve the visualization of phenomena and concepts. Recent important developments in the field since the first edition was published have also been added. The three-part text is aimed at graduate and professional engineers. The first part, Fundamentals and Macroscale Phenomena, presents the thermodynamics of solutions and then builds on that subject to motivate and describe equilibrium phase diagrams. Transport phenomena are discussed next, focusing on the issues of most importance to liquid-solid phase transformations, then moving on to describing in detail both analytical and numerical approaches to solving such problems. The second part, Microstructure, employs these fundamental concepts for the treatment of nucleation, dendritic growth, microsegregation, eutectic and peritectic solidification, and microstructure competition. This part concludes with a chapter describing the coupling of macro- and microscopic phenomena in microstructure development. The third and final part describes various types of Defects that may occur, with emphasis on porosity, hot tearing and macrosegregation, presented using the modeling tools and microstructure descriptions developed earlier.
The aim of Modeling and Simulation of Microstructure Evolution in Solidifying Alloys is to describe in a clear mathematical language the physics of the solidification structure evolution of cast alloys. The concepts and methodologies presented here for the net-shaped casting and the ingot remelt processes can be applied, with some modifications, to model other solidification processes such as welding and deposition processes. Another aim of the book is to provide simulation examples of the solidification structure modeling in some crucial commercial casting technologies as well as to provide practical techniques for controlling the structure formation during the solidification processes.
The book comprises three parts. Part 1 gives a historical description of the development of ironworking techniques since the earliest times. Part 2 is the core of the book and deals with the metallurgical basis of microstructures, with four main themes: phase diagrams, solidification processes, diffusion, and solid state phase transformations. Part 3 begins by an introduction to steel design principles. It then goes on to consider the different categories of steels, placing emphasis on their specific microstructural features. Finally, a comprehensive reference list includes several hundred pertinent articles and books. The book is the work of a single author, thus ensuring uniformity and concision. It is intended for scientists, metallurgical engineers and senior technicians in research and development laboratories, design offices and quality departments, as well as for teachers and students in universities, technical colleges and other higher education establishments.
"Solidification Processing of Metal Matrix Composites" (MMCs) focuses primarily on microcomposites but also covers macrocomposites, nanocomposites and foams. There are four main areas detailed: fundamentals of solidification synthesis, which examines issues related to stir mixing, pressure infiltration, transfer of particles or fibers through gas-liquid and liquid-solid interfaces, and particle/fiber interactions with fluids; processing and microstructures, which focuses on microstructure formation during solidification of MMC under different conditions, such as nucleation, growth, heat transfer, microsegregation, macrosegregation and interactions between solidifying interfaces, particles and fibers; and, properties of solidification processing, covering the relationship between the microstructures and properties. Comparisons are made between properties of solidification processed composites and monolithic and composites made by solid and vapor phase processes. It also details the application of solidification processed MMCs, revealing current and future applications especially in automotive, aerospace, railroad, thermal management, electromechanical machinery and recreational equipment sectors.
Manufacturing, reduced to its simplest form, involves the sequencing of product forms through a number of different processes. Each individual step, known as an unit manufacturing process, can be viewed as the fundamental building block of a nation's manufacturing capability. A committee of the National Research Council has prepared a report to help define national priorities for research in unit processes. It contains an organizing framework for unit process families, criteria for determining the criticality of a process or manufacturing technology, examples of research opportunities, and a prioritized list of enabling technologies that can lead to the manufacture of products of superior quality at competitive costs. The study was performed under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation and the Defense Department's Manufacturing Technology Program.
Since the 4th 1998 edition, there have been numerous crucial advances to the modelling and the basic understanding of solidification phenomena, and with its linking to experimental results. These topics have been incorporated into this 5th Fully Revised Edition, as well as a new final chapter on microstructure selection which explains how to combine the concepts of the preceding chapters for modelling real microstructures, in complex processes such as additive manufacturing. This new 5th edition is of high interest to undergraduate and graduate levels and professionals. With its numerous new topics - also borne out by the new authorship - students and teachers, scientists and engineers will greatly benefit from this new book. The topics are presented in the same praised manner as in previous editions, readable at three levels: - an initial feel for the subject is obtained by consulting the figures and their detailed captions; - a deeper understanding of the underlying physics is found by working through the main text; - 15 appendices offer a detailed analysis of the various theories, by providing detailed derivations of the relevant equations. Particularly Novel: the final chapter 8 on microstructure-selection explains how to combine the concepts of the preceding chapters to model the real microstructures formed during complex processes such as additive manufacturing, and the new detailed phase-field appendix which opens the door to the accurate computer-modelling of growth-forms. This edition goes with a companion Solutions Manual offering model solutions to 133 problems (exercises).