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The goals are: (1) Establish how much Ti/B grain refiner is need to completely refine aluminum weld metal for different alloys and different welding conditions; (2) Characterize how alloy composition and solidification parameters affect weld metal grain refinement; and (3) Apply relevant theory to understand observed behavior. Conclusions are: (1) additions of Ti/B grain refiner to weld metal in Alloys 1050, 5083, and 6082 resulted in significant grain refinement; (2) grain refinement was more effective in GTAW than LBW, resulting in finer grains at lower Ti content - reason is limited time available for equiaxed grain growth in LBW (inability to occlude columnar grain growth); (3) welding travel speed did not markedly affect grain size within GTAW and LBW clusters; and (4) application of Hunt CET analysis showed experimental G to be on the order of the critical G{sub CET}; G{sub CET} was consistently higher for GTAW than for LBW.
This volume addresses progress in the application of solidificationprinciples to the production of aluminum alloys. Topics includemicrostructure evolution, phase formation and solidification pathanalysis, grain refinement, micro/macro-segregation, mechanicalbehavior/properties in the mushy state, solidificationcracking/tearing, gas/shrinkage porosity formation, effect ofimpurities/trace elements, and the impact of cast structure on thesubsequent fabrication and properties of finished products. Paperson the experimental or theoretical simulation of solidificationaspects of casting processes including direct chill casting,continuous casting, shaped casting, semi-solid processing, andother advanced casting technologies are also included, as well asexamples showing the use of solidification principles to solveindustrial problems. From ahref="http://www.tms.org/Meetings/Annual-04/AnnMtg04Home.html"target="_blank"2004 TMS Annual Meeting/a to be held inCharlotte, North Carolina, March 14 - 18, 2004.
The Trends conference attracts the world's leading welding researchers. Topics covered in this volume include friction stir welding, sensing, control and automation, microstructure and properties, welding processes, procedures and consumables, weldability, modeling, phase transformations, residual stress and distortion, physical processes in welding, and properties and structural integrity of weldments.
In the dissimilar Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of aluminum to titanium, a large fraction of titanium particles is inhomogeneously distributed in the weld nugget and their distribution is highly complex. Such a distribution can have an immense influence on the grain stability of the weld nugget, which decides its mechanical properties at the high temperatures experienced in critical applications. The present investigation highlights the variation in grain structure at the top surface and center of the weld nugget. The results show that the microstructure at the surface of the weld contains a higher fraction of fine titanium particles, refined grains of aluminum and high-angle grain boundaries, and a lower intensity of shear texture components when compared to the center of the weld nugget. The variation in the grain stability of the weld was correlated with the qualitative variation in the strain rate and temperature in the weld. It is proposed that the formation and distribution of a high fraction of fine titanium particles results in superior grain stability of aluminum at the surface of the weld due to arrest of the grain boundary mobility against grain growth. This mechanism and methodology can be applied in developing metal matrix composites with superior mechanical properties as well.
The proceedings of the 7th INALCO conference which was held at TWI, Cambridge in April 1998.